Modern Technology

Question 1

Explain how safety has improved using modern technology

Answer 1

• halo in F1
• Cricket helmet

Question 2

Explain how apps and software has improved using modern technology

Answer 2

GPS monitor, heart rate

Question 3

Explain how officiating has improved using modern technology

Answer 3

-VAR, TMO, GOALINE TECH
- Hawkeye tennis
- cricket

Question 4

Explain how shoes have improved using modern technology

Answer 4

different soles for different sports
different materials make it lighter

Question 5

Explain how clothing has improved using modern technology

Answer 5

tighter clothing is more aerodynamic
Dri-fit clothing

Question 6

Explain how Motion analysis has improved using modern technology

Answer 6

Golf
biomechanics

Question 7

Explain how science has improved using modern technology

Answer 7

surgery
ice therapy/heat therapy (Cyrochambers)
Drugs
Paralympics (Prostetic legs)

Question 8

Explain how materials has improved using modern technology

Answer 8

carbonfibre (light)
golf club, tennis racket, F1 cars

Question 9

using examples, explain how modern technology can aid elite performance in sport (5)

Answer 9

• Recovery: cryotherapy, cooling aids (performers can recover quicker allowing them to train harder more regularly and as a result performance will increase)
• Safety: Halo in F1, cricket helmet and gum shield (increased safety means performance will improve as performers can play with a lot more confidence with a reduced fear of injury)
• Training: artificial pitches, flood lights and equipment such as wind tunnels, pressure plates (Increase quality of training so performance will improve)
• Material: carbon fibre and titanium used for bikes to make them lighter (this means they can go faster and therefore performance will improve
• Fairer outcomes: VAR/TMO, hawkeye, digital timing (accurate outcomes and improve honesty – performers are more likely to get closer to world records.

Question 10

After a game of football a poll was taken.

20% said they were against goal line technology
80% said they were in favour of goal line technology

Explain why some spectators may be against or for goal line technology (2)

Answer 10

AGAINST
- takes away chance element of sport
- gets in the way of the flow of the game
- enjoyment decreased due to lack of controversy

FOR
- it is fairer or judgements based on facts rather than perception
- reduces human error
- excitement of waiting for technological judgement

Question 11

Discuss the reasons why new technology has divided opinion amongst many that participate in sport (6)

Answer 11

Positive opinions:
- can improve sports performance
- sport safer
- more entertaining
- fairer decisions
- more accesible (inclusion)

Negative opinions:
- technology gives those with money an unfair advantage
- increases chance of injury
- take away element of chance
- sport more predictable

Question 12

Using examples, explain ways in which modern tech may have contributed to increased participation in sport by disabled people (6)

Answer 12

• adaptation of mobility equipment (light weight wheel chairs for basketball, tennis or racing)
• Development and use of technology to improve facilities for disabled (pool hoist)
• development of equipment for users with special needs (footballs with bells in them for visually impaired people)
• technology which helps safe exercise (gym equipment which can be used while in a wheel chair)
• Prosthetic limbs for specific activities such as running
• creation of new sports using assistive tech (wheelchair rugby)

Question 13

Discuss positive and negative impacts of modern technology products on sports performance (4)

Answer 13

Positive
- Performance improved
- recovery improved
- training enhanced
- fairer outcomes
- inclusion
- safety
- comfort
- movement analysis

Negatives
- Injury or violence
- leads to cheating
- slow the game down
- tradition of sport
-unfair advantage for cost

Question 14

Two ways modern technology increases the pressure on officials in sport

Answer 14

• potential litigation
• increased anxiety to make correct decisions
• punditry can highlight errors

Question 15

four ways modern tech has made televised sport more entertaining

Answer 15

• Rewind
• Replay
• Cameras
• big screens
• punditry
• motion capture analysis

Question 16

using examples for each, state two ways in which modern tech can increase participation

Answer 16

• Accessibility (ramps, swimming pool hoists)
• Motivation (apps that can provide info - progress)
• inclusion (disabled people - wheelchairs)
• opportunity to play (artificial pitches, flood lights)

Question 17

Discuss wether modern tech has made sport fairer (5)

Answer 17

Ways it has:
- Officiating (helps to make more accurate decisions VAR and Goal line tech)
- Measurement (more accurate timing - digital timing)
- overturning (incorrect decisions can be reversed)
- reduces cheating (improved detection of foul play and gamesmanship)
- drug testing (improved drug detection)
- inclusion

Ways it doesn’t
- Drug taking (methods for dopers to avoid detection)
- inequality (some may not be able to afford)

Question 18

Evaluate the effect that modern tech has on the sports spectator (using example)

Answer 18

POSITIVES
- fair outcomes (TMO, hawkeye)
- Excitement (action replays and new camera tech)
- 24/7 access (sport can be viewed anywhere anytime)
- player welfare (prolongs players careers return)

NEGATIVES
- Tradition (detracts from true nature of sport)
- delays (slows sport down and causes frustration)
- Cheating (encourage cheating/ new tech performance enhancing drugs)
- less likely to attend live matches (Smart TV)

Question 19

Smart phones, tablet computers and games consoles are all examples of modern technology

Evaluate the possible effects of devices like these on participation in sport

Answer 19

Positive
- Motivation (fitness monitor and online access t fitness programmes)
- Knowledge of performance (devices may increase knowledge and improve performance)
- inspiration (participating in virtual sport)
- opportunities and communication (may provide and communicate info)

Negative
- time
- Entertainment
- reduced physical effort
- reduced finance

Question 20

how does modern tech increase safety in sport

Answer 20

• enhanced safety (help decrease the severity of injuries)
• Modern physiological testing (weaknesses can be identified and improved)
• limb kinematics (identify poor technique which could lead to injury)
• footwear technology (designed and fitted with precision, comfy)
• training (used to enhance fitness and make athlete more fatigue resistant)
• improved detection of foul play (VAR and TMO)