Modern Medicine 1900-Present Flashcards
When was DNA first photographed?
By who?
1952 - Rosalind Franklin
After the photographing of DNA, who made a structure of it in 1953?
What did this increase knowledge of?
Watson and Crick
Hereditary diseases e.g. cystic fibrosis, sickle cell anemia
When were X-rays invented?
1895
technically not modern I KNOWWW SHUT UP
When were CAT scans invented?
How do they work?
1972
Using x-rays and a computer to create detailed images of the inside of the body
When were MRI scans invented?
How do they work?
1870’s
They use radio waves and powerful magnets to construct images
What were magic bullets?
Who discovered them?
Chemicals that attacked specific microbes - “synthetic antibodies”
Paul Ehrlich
What was the first magic bullet called?
What was it for?
When was it first used?
Salvarsan 606
Syphilis
1911
Who discovered blood groups?
When?
Karl Landsteiner
1900
What was the first anti-coagulant? When was it first used?
What is an anti-coagulant?
Sodium citrate
A substance that stops blood from clotting, so it can be stored outside the body
1914
How does keyhole surgery work?
A tiny camera (endoscope) is passed through skin to see inside the body and then smaller instruments are used for further investigation
Why is keyhole surgery useful?
Not invasive, leaves little scars, fast healing
Useful for identifying causes of pain or infertility
In the early 1900’s, what was the infant mortality rate?
140 infant deaths for every 1000 births
When was the Beveridge Report published?
What did it call for?
1942
Government provision of social security “from the cradle to the grave”
When was the NHS established?
Who opposed this and why?
1948
Doctors - they worried they would lose money as healthcare was no longer privatised
What kind of services does the NHS offer?
GP’s, dentists, mental health services, A&E, maternity care, sexual health services, surgery, opticians (under 18)
