Modern Early Europe Flashcards
Why did the Renaissance start on the Italian peninsula?
The Italian peninsula (Italy) is centrally located between Asia, Africa and Europe. Independent city-states competed with each other for trade and grew wealthy.
Other than trade, how else did the Medici family make money and maintain power.
Banking. The Medici family loaned people money including Kings in Europe. They also paid to have family members placed in high positions of the Catholic Church.
How else did the Medici Family influence the start of the Renaissance in Florence?
They paid artists to share their art and ideas in Italy (patronage) making it a center of art, literature and culture.
What is a humanist thinker?
faith (religion) and reason (humanist ideas) can exist together. Humanists were also interested in non-religious writing.
What effects did Humanism have on Europe?
It focused on art, learning, reasoning and less focus on just the Catholic Church
List the works of the following Renaissance Men: Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo,
William Shakespeare:
Leonardo da Vinci - The Last Supper, Mona Lisa, perspective
Michalangelo - sculpted David, painted on the ceiling/wall of the Sistine Chapel
William Shakespeare - poet/playwright from England influenced the English language
What was William Tyndale’s most influential accomplishment?
He finished translating the Bible into English so people could read it for themselves.
What invention helped the Renaissance/humanist ideas to spread? Who invented it?
Johannes Gutenberg invented the printing press. The first book to be printed was the Bible.
What was the 95 Theses, who wrote it and why?
Martin Luther wrote a list of 95 arguments against the Catholic Church in hopes to bring attention to his concerns and promote change.
What was significant about posting the 95 Theses on the Catholic Church doors?
It was the first public sharing of the document undermining the church and promoting new ideas of Protestantism
What is predestination and who introduced the idea?
John Calvin introduced predestination and Calvinism. Predestination is the belief that God already decided who will go to heaven and who will not.
How did King Henry VIII support the beginning of Protestant ideas in England?
When he took over the Catholic Churches in England and renamed the Church of England opposing the Pope.
What is the Council of Trent and why was it created?
The Council of Trent was a group set up to create a plan how to restore the Catholic Church and regain lost members. They put an end to the sell of indulgences.
Who was St. Ignatius of Loyola and what was his plan for the Catholic Counter Reformation?
He was a leader in the Catholic Church that formed the Jesuits missionaries.
How did Queen Elizabeth became a powerful leader in England?
Demonstrated Protestant power in defending England the Spanish Armada, prompted Anglicanism and renaissance ideas
