Modern Art

Question 1

Influences on Modern Art

Answer 1

Gaugin: feeling=colour, arbitrary use of colour, large flat areas of intense colour
Van Gogh: non descriptive, emotive colour, passion in process
Seurat: divisionism=broken brushstrokes
Cezanne: incorrect perspectives

Question 2

Fauvism Characteristics

Answer 2

Subject Matter: Every day scenes (work from reality) w/ emotion through colour etc.

Colour: arbitrary=emotion, pure, vibrant/intense/vibrant for flat, bright/clashing foreground

Form: distorted, incorrect perspective, clumsiness, decorative, simplified, colour=shape, light, depth. Masks=strong outlines, high contrast

Application: Energetic,broken divisionism, Pure flat areas, emotion, linear, thickly

Shape: Simplified, distorted, outlined, gothic angularity.

Space: crowded claustrophobic, unrealistic, diagonal lines

Question 3

Fauvism v.s Impressionism

Answer 3

Colour: vibrant v.s muted, arbitrary vs naturalistic,

Form: naturalism v.s figurative/simplified/stylised. Soft, developed forms v.s flat, outlined. Perspective v.s incorrect persp.

Subject: similar everyday, uplifting

Question 4

Matisse

Answer 4

Influences: West African, Japanese, Islamic, Seurat’s colour theory

Subject matter: still life, interior of rooms, female form.

Characteristics: arbitrary colours, used in foregrounding and backgrounding.

Question 5

Woman with a hat

Answer 5

(1905)

Thick flat, contours-hat
Loose,Smooth brushstrokes background
Texture- face rough
=psycological portrait

Question 6

Expressionism Influences

Answer 6

1905-1914
Van Gogh: subjective feelings, distortion of nature, use of colour, linear brushwork,compassion for fellow man

“Primitive” cultures: african
Masks

Germany: (character) searching behind appearances. Political instability WW1

Edward Munch: Distortions of colour (the scream)

Question 7

Die Brucke

Answer 7

Background: a group in 1905, led by Ernst Kirchner=radical art

Influences: “primitive art” =honest. “Folk art” (Europe)

Philosophy: connection between past+future. Adopt “natural state”

Themes: criticising social conditions, angst (anxiety, alienation, anxiety, sexually charged nudes)

Colour: strong primary+secondary, somber + dark, contrasting=conflicts in life

Shape: simplified, distorted. figures=thin, elongated.

Question 8

Kirchner

Self-portrait as soldier

Answer 8

Wars=turmoil
“Sees behind things”
-dressed in uniform
-amputated 
-nude self portraait
-hollowed eyes

Question 9

Der Blaue Reiter

Answer 9

Intentional, spiritual, experimentation, enter into a spiritual zone,

Influences: folk art, chinese ink painting,

Themes: “inner necessities”, no social comm.

Colour: emotional happy colours

Brush work: linear

Question 10

Marc

Answer 10

Romantic, panthetist

Subject matter/philosophy: Nature =animals=innocence

Colour: blue=male, spiritual. Yellow=feminine, serine, sensual. Red=brutal. Mixing emotions

For:m Abstracted-geometric shapes. Sculpted=chiaroscuro

Question 11

Cubism

Answer 11

1907-1914
Influences: african Art-depict what they know of subject>what they see, Cezanne Simulltaneity

Analytical 1910-1911
Synthetic Cubism

Question 12

Analytical Cubism

Answer 12

1910-1911
Themes: Still lives, portraits,
Simultaneity
Flat with suggestion of depth 
Abstraction: analysing , broken into facets, forehround blends with background
*based on reality*

=Modernity full of change, expressed in combined truth,

Restricted colour palette=olives,browns and yellows+void of some content =enhance structural logic

Question 13

Synthetic Cubism

Answer 13

1912-1914

Media: Combination of different elements: analytical drawings+ newspaper=wallpaper etc.

Illusion-making with collage - newspaper etc. refers to reality. Reference to traditional illusionist art

Subject matter: Still lives

Comp: Free comp then make object

Question 14

Picasso=The Three Musicians (1921)

Answer 14

• angular shapes

- harequin, monk, pierrot