Models of health Flashcards
What is physical health?
mechanical functioning of body
What is mental health?
ability to think clearly
What is emotional health?
ability to recognise emotions
What is social health?
ability to make relationships
What is societal health?
linked to everything surrounding that person
What is BIOMEDICAL model?
health is freedom from diseases and abnormalities
What are advantages of biomedical model?
- success in diagnosis and treatment
- objective and standardised
What are disadvantages of biomedical model?
- social and mental factor not included
- less individualised
- focus only on physical changes and diagnosis
- disease orientated
What is the WHO model?
health is a complete state of physical, mental and social well being
What are advantages of WHO model?
- all aspects considered
- holistic and subjective
What are disadvantages of WHO model?
- unrealistic
- too generalised as differences between people
- interactions not considered
- hard to define complete state
- any defect can be seen as not healthy
What is SOCIAL model?
health is an optimum capacity of an individual for effective performance of roles and tasks for which he has socialised
What are advantages of social model?
- address social ,economic and environmental determinants
- specific to everyone
What are disadvantages of social model?
mental health not considered
it is role dependant and some unemployed
What is health and illness?
standards of adequacy relative to capacities for performance of activities carried out
What is illness?
subjective state felt by individual
What is disease?
pathological condition recognised by indications agreed between indications
what is a sickness?
social state from feeling ill or diseased reflected in a change in lifestyle e.g taking absence
What is quality of life ?
person’s perception of their position in life in regards to social and intellectual conditions in relation to their goals
What is oral health?
standard of health of oral and tissues which enables individual to eat and speak and socialise without disease or discomfort
What are factors influencing health and well being?
1) fixed factors
2) Lifestyle and behaviour
3) social, psychological and cultural
4) socio-economic factors
5) access to services
6) Environment
what are fixed factors?
age sex genes
What are lifestyle factors?
diet alcohol and physical
What is social, psychological and cultural factors?
social support and interactions
culture beliefs and traditions
stress and emotional state
What socio economic factors?
income and poverty affect access to health
not living a healthy lifestyle
What is access to service factors?
lack of access to health services
no transports
What is environmental factors?
water fluoridation
high pollution
What are upstream factors?
policies wealth environment education transport
What are downstream factors ?k
knowledge
behaviours and lifestyle
What are common risk factors?
diet stress oral hygiene alcohol smoking
What is common risk factor approach?
Healthy public policy> health and life skill training> lifestyle> risk factors> Diseases
what do risk factors lead to?
CVD Cancers Sex health accidents mental health
What health policy?
taxes on alcohol and tobacco
What are oral health inequalities?
age
social class
area of living- fluoridation/ access to care
race/culture
What is social class inequality?
education difference and poverty means poor oral health
