Models

Question 1

Stakeholders

Answer 1

Mendelow’s model

Low/High power & interest

Low low = minimal effort
Low high = keep informed
High low = keep satisfied
High high = key player

Question 2

CSR

Answer 2

Economic = basic requirement 
Legal = comply w/ laws 
Ethical = go beyond the law
Philanthropic = helping others

Question 3

Integrated reporting

Answer 3

6 Capitals
Financial 
Manufactured 
Human 
Intellectual 
Natural 
Social

Question 4

Macro environment

Answer 4

PESTEL

Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Environmental, Legal

Question 5

National environment

Answer 5

Porter's diamond 
Factor conditions (basic = people, raw materials / advanced = ports, high educated people )
Demand conditions 
Related and supporting industries 
Firm strategy, structure and rivalry

Question 6

Industry / sector environment

Answer 6

Porter's five forces 
Threats if new entrants 
Substitutes 
Bargaining power of customers 
Bargaining power of suppliers 
Competition and rivalry

Question 7

Competitive advantage

Answer 7

7 P’s

Product, Place, Promotion, Price, People, Process, Physical evidence

Question 8

Managing organisational portfolios

Answer 8

BCG matrix
Stars 
Cash cows
Question marks
Dogs

Question 9

Direction of growth

Answer 9

Growth vector matrix
Market penetration 
Product development 
Market development
Diversification

Question 10

Big data

Answer 10

4 V's 
Velocity 
Volume 
Veracity 
Variety

Question 11

Types of diversification

Answer 11

Related diversification = within same industry - horizontal (channel 4 tv going into film) vertical (buying supplier)

Question 12

Ansoff Matrix

Answer 12

Grid axis = Markets and Products

New, New = Diversification
New, Existing = Market development
Existing, Existing = market penetration
Existing, New = Product development

Question 13

Achieving performance excellence

Answer 13

Baldrige model

7 critical aspects

1. Leadership
2. Strategic planning
3. Customer focus
4. Workforce focus
5. Operations focus
6. Results
7. Measurement and analysis

Question 14

Change management

Answer 14

Unfreeze, change, refreeze

Change cannot just happen, needs to be phased in.

Unfreeze = inform, talk to people, build awareness on whats going to happen 
Change = Change, support, gather feedback  
Refreeze = Institutionalise the change

Question 15

Project management

3 key aspects

Project manager / sponsor

PID

Answer 15

Aspects = time, scope, budget

Manger = in charge of operations, technical skills 
Sponsor = deals with overall strategy, board/director engagement 

Project initiation document = all relevant information (budget, staff, timeline)

Question 16

Risk management

4 steps

TARA

Answer 16

1. Identification
2. Assessment
3. Mitigation
4. Monitor

TARA = Transfer (high L, Low C), Avoid (High), Reduce (Low L, High C), Accept (Low)
Likelihood, consequences

Question 17

Cultural web

Organisations culture

Answer 17

Symbols
Stories / quotes
Rituals
Control systems
Organisation structure 
Power structure

Question 18

Suitability of a proposal

Answer 18

Suitable - does it address the objective
Acceptable - to stakeholders
Feasible - Capacity to do it

Question 19

Value chain

Answer 19

Support and primary activities

Support: Firm infrastructure, HR, IT, Procurement
Primary: Inbound logistics, Ops, Outbound logistics, Marketing & sales, Service

All need to be co-ordinated well to deliver service