Model Based System Engineering Flashcards
What is Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE)?
MBSE is a systems engineering methodology that uses modeling to support
- system requirements,
- design,
- analysis,
- verification and validation
from the conceptual design throughout the lifecycle of development.
What is the main goal of MBSE?
- Improve the quality of the products being developed, …
- increase productivity
- provide better documentation through a model-centric approach, rather than a traditional document-based approach
- reduce risks
- improve communication among system development team
Why would MBSE reduce risks?
- Improved accuracy and consistency: Consistent definition and alignment of all elements -> better understanding of complexities -> less misunderstanding of system requirements and specifications
- Enhanced traceability of requirements -> easier verification that all reqs have been met & that changes are systematically assessed for impact -> preserves scope creep, prevents overlooking of critical aspects
- Early problem detection: Through simulation
- Integrated validation & verification: Model is checked continuously against specified requirements -> ensures that system conforms to intended design and functions
- Better decision making: Visualization helps stakeholders understand complexity and making informed decisions
How does MBSE differ from traditional systems engineering?
- traditional systems engineering: relies heavily on document-based communication
- MBSE: utilizes formalized models as the primary means of information exchange between engineers and stakeholders
Which types of requirements will remain in textual language despite the trend towards model-centric development?
Initial requirements and some non-functional requirements.
What most common modeling language used in MBSE?
SysML (Systems Modeling Language) is the most widely used language in MBSE
What are the key processes involved in MBSE?
- requirements engineering
- system architecture and design development,
- verification and validation
- operations and maintenance modeling.
What role do models play in requirements engineering in MBSE?
- help capture, analyze, trace, and manage system requirements
- Models facilitate understanding and communication of requirements across stakeholders
- Models help ensure that all system specifications and constraints are met
How does MBSE approach system architecture and design?
MBSE uses models to:
- Create and refine the system’s architecture and design, including:
- Structural aspects: Defining system components and their relationships.
- Behavioral aspects: Modeling how the system and its components behave and interact.
- Address key areas such as:
- The interaction of system components.
- The components’ performance and their required functions.
What does verification and validation mean?
How does MBSE support these activities ?
- verification: ensure that models and system conform to its specified requirements: „You built the system right“
- validation: ensures that system, as modeled, meets the intended use and user needs under operational conditions: „You built the right system“
- MBSE supports the activities through simulation, test case generations from models and ongoing assessments
What are some challenges in implementing MBSE?
- cultural and organizational resistance,
- training and expertise requirements,
- tool integration and interoperability,
- model quality management,
- costs of implementation and resource allocation
What are the main purposes of models in MBSE?
- facilitate communication,
- support decision-making,
- aid in system verification and validation,
- and act as up-to-date documentation of system information.
What are key characteristics of models?
-
Abstract Representation:
- do not replicate every detail of the system
- focus on essential characteristics relevant to
- understanding,
- designing,
- analyzing
- verifying
the system.
-
Purpose-Driven:
- Different models may be developed for different aspects of the system:
- requirements
- architecture
- behavior
- verification.
- Each model is tailored to serve
- specific purposes or
- to address specific concerns of stakeholders.
- Different models may be developed for different aspects of the system:
-
Hierarchical Structure:
- Models often contain various levels of abstraction,
- allowing engineers to drill down from general system characteristics to specific details.
- hierarchical structuring helps manage complexity.
-
Dynamic and Iterative Development:
- Models are not static;
- evolve as the system design progresses
- refined and expanded in iterative cycles of the engineering process.
What are components of MBSE models?
Models in MBSE typically consist of several interconnected elements:
-
Structural Elements:
- Represent the physical or logical components of the system, such as subsystems, modules, interfaces, and connections.
-
Behavioral Elements:
- Define how the system behaves in response to various inputs or events. (This includes the logic, operations, and sequences that occur within the system.)
-
Requirement Elements:
- Capture and relate system requirements directly within the model, facilitating traceability and validation.
-
Parametric Elements:
- Include constraints and relationships that define the operational parameters of the system, which can be used for performance analysis and optimization.
What is Model Driven Architecture (MDA)?
Model Driven Architecture (MDA) is an initiative to:
- Create a cohesive set of model-driven technology specifications using Unified Modeling Language (UML) and specific profiles.
- Focus on separating the specification of system operations from the details of how the system uses its platform.
