MODE OF ACTION Flashcards
ALENDRONATE
MoA
Inhibits osteoclast mediated bone resorption by inhibiting the enzyme FPP synthase
ATENOLOL
MoA
Binds to beta-adrenergic receptors in the heart and vascular smooth muscle, inhibiting sympathetic stimulation
ATRACURIUM
MoA
Binds competitively with cholinergic receptor sites to antagonise acetylcholine action
BENDRO-FLUMETHIAZIDE
MoA
Inhibits Cl reabsorption at early distal tubule, results in increase of Na, Cl and water excretion
CEFUROXIME
MoA
Inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis -> death due to lysis
CELECOXIB
MoA
Inhibits Cox-2 cyclooxygenase -> inhibits prostaglandin synthesis
CHLORAMPENICOL
MoA
Bacteriostatic – inhibits protein synthesis by interfering with substrate binding
CICLOSPORIN
MoA
lymphocyte function
Binds to cytosolic protein, inhibiting calcineurin -> less inflammatory cytokine production
CIPROFLOXACIN
MoA
Inhibition of bacterial DNA gyrase enzyme -> prevents DNA replication so stops replication
CO-AMOXICLAV
MoA
Beta-lactamase inhibitor + inhibits penicillin binding proteins -> inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis
DIAMORPHINE
MoA
Mu-opioid agonist
Acts on receptors in the CNS which produces an analgesic effect
DALTEPARIN
MoA
Inhibits the formation of factor Xa and thrombin
DOBUTAMINE
MoA
Directly stimulates Beta-1 receptors in the heart, increases myocardial contractility and stroke volume
DOXAZOSIN
MoA
Inhibits postsynaptic alpha 1 adrenoceptors on vascular smooth muscle – peripheral vasodilation
EPHEDRINE
MoA
Stimulation of adrenergic receptors
Increases noradrenaline action and release
ERYTHROMICIN
MoA
Inhibits bacterial protein synthesis
Bacteriostatic/cidal dependent on dose
ETHINYLESTRADIOL
MoA
Interaction with oestrogen receptors in target cells
FUROSEMIDE
MoA
Inhibits water reabsorption in the nephron (blocks Na-K-Cl cotransporter)
IPRATROPIUM
MoA
Blocks muscarinic ACh receptors, promoting cGMP degradation – reduces bronchoconstriction
LOPERAMIDE
MoA
Acts on mu-opioid receptors in PNS -> slows intestinal motility
Doesn’t cross the BBB so can’t affect CNS
METFORMIN
MoA
Decreases hepatic glucose production and intestinal glucose absorption
Improves insulin sensitivity
METHOTREXATE
MoA
Cancer – inhibition of DHFR, inhibiting folate synthesis.
Arthritis – inhibition of purine metabolism = accumulation of adenosine = suppression of T cells
OXYBUTININ
MoA
Antagonist of M1, 2 & 3 muscarinic ACh receptors
Decreases muscle spasms of the bladder
PARACETAMOL
MoA
COX enzyme inhibition in CNS indirectly
RAMIPRIL
MoA
Inhibit ACE activity
Less Angiotensin II produced
Less Bradykinin breakdown
Relaxation of arterial smooth muscle
RIFAMPICIN
MoA
Inhibits bacterial RNA polymerase enzyme – no RNA synthesis
RIVAROXIBAN
MoA
Competitive irreversible inhibition of factor Xa.
Prevents thrombin formation
SALMETEROL
MoA
Beta 2 stimulation causes relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle
SILDENAFIL
MoA
Increases cGMP to cause smooth muscle relaxation - vasodilation
SUXAMETHONIUM
MoA
Mimics ACh at NM junction, with slow hydrolysis – prolongs depolarisation = NM blockade
TAMSULOSIN
MoA
Selective A1 antagonist
Causes relaxation in smooth muscle = less resistance to urinary flow=less pain in BPH
TRAMADOL
MoA
Agonist of mu-opioid receptors
Serotonin & norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor
Enhances serotonin release
