modals Flashcards
are auxliary verbs or helping verbs. they may expressing permission, obligation and prohibition
modals
is an act of giving consent or authorization
permission
is used to ask for and give permission
can
is also used as a more polite and more formal modal in asking permission
could
is the most polite and formal modal used in asking and giving permission
may
act of disallowing someone in performing something
prohibition
used in dealing with someyhing against rules.
can’t / cannot
this is used when the speaker is not the one who sets the rules
can’t / cannot
is udes in dealing with something that is not permitted.
must not / mustn’t
it is the speaker who sets the rules
must not / mustn’t
expresses commitment or duty
obligation
is used when obligation comes not from the speaker
has / have to
used when expressing obligation comes from the speaker or authority
must
expresses the absence of commitment or duty
no obligation
used to express no obligation
don’t / doesn’t have to