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PT 753 > Modalities > Flashcards

Modalities Flashcards

1
Q

Precautions for Cervical Traction

A

TMJ Problems

Dentures

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2
Q

Traction Indications

A 
Disc bulge or herniation
Nerve root impingement
Joint hypomobility
Subacute joint inflammation
Paraspinal muscle spasm
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3
Q

Traction Contraindications

A

Where motion is contraindicated (e.g. fracture)
Acute injury or inflammation
Joint hypermobility or instability
Peripheralization of symptoms with traction
Uncontrolled hypertension

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4
Q

General Precautions for Traction

A

Structural disease/conditions affecting spine
When belt may be hazardous (e.g. pregnancy)
Displaced annular fragment
Medial disc protrusion
When severe pain fully resolves with traction
Claustrophobia
Inability to tolerate prone/supine position
Disorientation

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5
Q

Adverse Effects of Traction

A

Excessive force can increase patient’s symptoms

Possible patient may experience lumbar pain or lumbar radicular discomfort after cervical traction

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6
Q

Mechanical Cervical Traction Parameters

A 
Indication: Neck pain
Ramp Up/Down: 15 seconds
Hold Time/Force: 60 seconds/12#
Rest Time/Force: 20 seconds/6#
Duration: 15 minutes
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7
Q

Mechanical Lumbar Traction Parameters

A 
Indication: Lumbar Radiculopathy
Ramp Up/Down: 1 minute
Hold Time/Static: 10 minutes
Hold Force: 40-60%
Duration: 10 minutes
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8
Q

Diathermy Thermal Indications

A

Pain control
Accelerated tissue healing
Decreased joint stiffness
Increased joint ROM

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9
Q

Diathermy Nonthermal Indications

A

Control of pain and edema
Soft tissue, nerve, and bone healing
Improvement of osteoarthritis symptoms

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10
Q

General Diathermy Contraindications

A

Implanted or transcutaneous stimulators, including pacemakers
Pregnancy

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11
Q

Diathermy Thermal Contraindications

A 
Metal
Malignancy
Eyes
Testes
Growing epiphyses
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12
Q

Diathermy Nonthermal Contraindications

A

Deep tissues/internal organs
Substitute for conventional therapy for edema and pain
Pacemakers, electronic devices, or metal implants

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13
Q

Diathermy Precautions

A

Near electronic or magnetic equipment
Obesity
Copper bearing IUD (intrauterine device)

Nonthermal
Pregnancy
Skeletal immaturity

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14
Q

Adverse Effects of Diathermy

A

Burns

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15
Q

Adverse Effects of US

A

Pretty rare
Burns
Standing waves
Cross-contamination and infection

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16
Q

Effects of Spinal Traction

A 
Distract joint surfaces
Reduce protrusions of nuclear discal material (bulging disc)
Stretch soft tissue
Relax muscle
Mobilize joints
Reduce pain
17
Q

Effects of Physical Agents

A

Inflammation and healing
Pain
Collagen extensibility and motion restrictions
Muscle tone

18
Q

Adverse Effects of Cryotherapy

A

Tissue death or damage
Damaged tissue <59 degrees F
Freezing/frostbit 39-50 degrees F or lower

19
Q

Cryotherapy Contraindications

A 
Cold hypersensitivity 
Cold intolerance
Cryoglobulinemia
Paraoxysmal cold hemoglobinuria
Raynaud's phenomenon
Over-regenerating peripheral nerves
Over an area of circulatory compromise or peripheral vascular disease
20
Q

Cryotherapy Precautions

A 
Over the superficial main branch of a nerve
Over an open wound
Hypertension
Poor sensation or mentation
Very young and very old patients
21
Q

Uses of Cryotherapy

A 
Inflammation control
Edema control
Pain control
Modification of spasticity-prolonged icing
Symptom management in MS - cooling vest
Facilitation
Cryokinetics and cryostretch
22
Q

Uses of Superficial Heat

A

Pain control
Increased ROM and decreased joint stiffness
Accelerated healing
Infrared radiation for psoriasis

23
Q

Adverse Effects of Thermotherapy

A

Burns
Fainting
Bleeding
Skin/eye damage from IR

24
Q

Clinical Applications of US

A 
Soft tissue shortening
Pain control
Dermal ulcers
Surgical skin incisions
Tendon & ligament injuries
Bone fractures (non-thermal)
Carpal tunnel syndrome
Phonophoresis
25
Q

US Precautions

A

Acute inflammation (non-thermal)
Epiphyseal plates
Fractures (extremely low intensity)
Breast implants

26
Q

US Contraindications

A 
Malignancy
Pregnancy
CNS tissue
Joint cement (total joint replacement)
Plastic
Pacemaker
Thrombophlebitis (blood clots)
Eyes and reproductive organs
27
Q

NMES Contraindications

A 
Demand cardiac pacemakers
Unstable arrhythmia
Over carotid sinus
Over venous/arterio-thrombosis/thrombophlebitis
Pregnancy (over trunk)
28
Q

NMES Precautions

A

Cardiac disease
Impaired sensation or mentation
Malignancy
Skin irritation/open wound

29
Q

NMES Adverse Effects

A

Burns
Skin irritation
Pain

30
Q

Thermotherapy Contraindications

A 
Hemorrhage 
Thrombophlebitis (blood clot)
Impaired sensation
Impaired mentation
Malignant tumor
IR irradiation of the eyes
31
Q

Thermotherapy Precautions

A 
Acute injury/inflammation
Pregnancy
Impaired circulation
Edema
Cardiac insufficiency 
Metal (jewelry, THR, TKR)
Open wounds
Topical counterirriatant (BioFreeze, ICY Hot)
Demyelinated nerves

PT 753 (3 decks)

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