Modalities Flashcards
when removing deep terminal hairs with the blend method, how many units of lye do you need?
80 units
what is the purpose of the negative pole in anaphoresis during electrolysis?
irritate skin and produce lye
in blend, what shape does the lye appear in?
vase
in thermolysis heat appears as…
tear drop or pear
which pole:
firms skin, soothes skin, reduces redness, and neutralizes pH
cataphoresis
what is the part of the hair above the dermis called?
shaft
what is the indentation of the epidermis into dermis
follicle
majority of hair grows in what direction?
45 degrees
what kind of hair has a flat follicle
kinky hair
what kind of hair has an oval follicle
wavy hair
what kind of hair has a round follicle?
straight hair
what is the manner in which electricity is used for therapy?
modality
what becomes heated by high frequency?
moisture in skin tissue
according to faraday’s law, the most destructive area in electrolysis is…
closest to probe
what is the use of the negative pole
anaphoresis
what is the use of the positive pole
cataphoresis
which pole:
irritates skin
promotes redness
softens/relaxes
annoys skin
opens pores
anaphoresis
galvanic electrolysis is hair removal by…
chemical decomposition, chemical means
thermolysis is hair removal by…
electrocoagulation, heat (electrodessication)
what is the process that causes cells to congeal/thicken and makes cells dysfunctional
electrocoagulation
what is electrodessication
dry up/deprive moisture
how does the blend destroy tissue?
chemical electrocoagulation, chemical electrodessication
when and who invented the blend
1938 by arthur hinkel, henry st. pierre
what sound does the blend blowout make?
silent
where is the hottest spot when applying thermolysis
tip of the needle
what does cataphoresis produce in the skin?
alkali
which needles can be used in all 3 modalities?
standard cylindrical
AC to DC required for galvanic electrolysis by means of…
a rectifier, filter circuit
what is sodium hydroxide also known as?
lye
what does caustic mean?
able to corrode organic tissue by chemical means
does lye remain in the follicle or leave?
remains
where is lye formed along?
full length of needle
the greatest concentration of high frequency energy is located where?
tip of needle, point effect
where is
when is steam produced in a blowout?
after
how can you prevent high frequency blowouts?
reducing intensities and duration
in galvanic, lye appears in what shape?
column
removing hair by chemical decomposition is done through which modality?
galvanic electrolysis
what was the original modality for hair removal?
galvanic electrolysis
what current is utilized by galvanic?
direct current
in 1875 who created the profession of electrolysis?
dr. charles michel
whats another name for galvanic?
true electrolysis, direct current
where is the most destructive area?
closest from probe/needle
in 1932, who first performed thermolysis as a form of hair removal in france?
Dr. bordier
process of changing chemicals from one kind to another by electrical current is…
galvanic
what is thermolysis?
killing hair using heat
first scientist to demo the existence of high frequency waves was?
heinrich hertz
who observed organic tissue could be heated by high frequency?
van zeynek
which modality was invented in 1938 by arthur hinkel and henry st pierre
the blend
what modality utilizes heated lye?
blend
which modality destroys tissue with chemical electrocoagulation (congeal) or chemical electrodessication (dry up)
the blend
what does electrodessication mean?
to dry up
what is electrocoagulation?
congealing
what heats needle in thermolysis?
the moisture in the skin
what causes blowout?
intensity is to high and skins moisture boils producing steam
what are the characteristics of cylindrical insulated probes?
popular standard, two piece, works best w thermolysis
what is the characteristics of bulbous insulated probes?
creates greatest amount of lye at their tip , effective with galvanic
what are the characteristics of cylindrical no insulated probes?
preferred with galvanic current, evenly distribute lye throughout the hair shaft
in direct galvanic electrolysis which direction do electrons flow in?
negative to positive (goes into hair follicle, through body, to positive current
in the blend both galvanic and thermolysis high frequency alternating currents are…
passed down same needle at same time
which electrode produces hydrochloric acid?
positive, anode
what is the lye gradient?
the concentration of lye produced in the follicle
what is the critical zone?
an area that belongs to the needle within zone where all tissue is 100% destroyed, outside zone tissue is damaged but may still survive
what shape does energy flow in during galvanic?
column
what is the current density?
the amount of electrons that flow inside surrounding tissue
what affects current density?
needle thickness, intensity, depth
how is intensity effected by depth of insertion?
shallow insertion = greater density
what is current intensity ?
strength of current flowing from probe to surrounding tissue
what is the current duration?
the length of time current flows from probe to surrounding tissue
what is current density?
amount of electron that flows into surrounding tissue
how does large probe size effect intensity?
makes it more intense
what happens if you use stainless steal probe with positive pole?
black oxide marks
what happens if you don’t decrease intensity with probe size?
blowouts
what is the mixture of galvanic and thermolysis?
the blend
how does the blend destroy the hair?
chemical coagulation or chemical electrodessication
what is a sinusoidal current?
alternating current
what is a oscillator?
changes DC to AC
who was heinrich hertz?
1st scientist to demonstrate the existence of high frequency waves
what is the F.C.C.’s recommended frequency for epilators?
13.56mhz
what is the pattern of destruction?
tear drop, closest to tip of needle
what is nikolski’s sign?
separation of epidermis and dermis
what is the working point?
based on the clients pain threshold or skin’s tolerance level
what is pulsing?
process in which same current is applied to same follicle or in 2 or more intervals in one burst. benefit of thermolysis
what kind of hair is thermolysis less effective on?
thick, coarser hair will need more tx
what modality can treat vellus hair?
thermolysis
what happens after a high frequency blowout?
distorted follicle
what causes erythema and itchiness in electrolysis?
hydrochloric acid
how many units of lye is needed for vellus hair?
15 units
what hair stage is most effective for electrolysis?
late anagen, anagen-6
what shape does wavy hair distort into?
s shaped
what shape does curly-wavy hair distort into?
u shaped
what shape does the curly hair follicle distort into?
j shaped
what shape does kinky hair distort into ?
corkscrew
what is the best stage to treat curly hair in?
early anagen
what is the best stage to effectively treat curly hair?
late anagen
what converts AC to DC
rectifier
