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Therapeutic Modalities > Modalities > Flashcards

Modalities Flashcards

1
Q

Contraindications for Moist Heat

A

Decreased sensation
Poor circulation
Open wound
Acute injury
Malignancy
Hemophiliacs

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2
Q

Procedure/Indications for Hot Packs

A

-Inspect the area for redness/blistering PRIOR to and POST application.
-Treatment time: 15 minutes
-Indications: Muscle pain or spasm

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3
Q

Procedure/indications for Whirlpool

A

Used for increasing tissue temperature on a larger surface area

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4
Q

Procedure/Indications for Paraffin

A

-Paraffin wax should reach 113-122 degrees
-Paraffin provides a more even distribution to areas such as hands and feet
-Indicated for RA

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5
Q

Procedures/Indications for Ice Massage

A

-Treatment time is 5-10 mins.
-Explain progression of sensation to patient: Intense cold, Burn, Ache, Analgesia
-Indications: Small contoured area such as elbow, wrist, knee.

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6
Q

Procedure/Indication for Cold Pack

A

-Should be applied over a towel and may need to be secured with an elastic band to increase surface contact.
-Treatment time not to exceed 20 minutes.
-Indications: Acute injury, inflammation, acute/chronic pain

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7
Q

Purpose/Indications for Cold (Ice) Bath

A

-Body part is immersed in water for 20 minutes maximum.
-Indicated for distal extremity injuries such as wrist or ankle sprain.

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8
Q

Purpose/Indications for Controlled Cold Compression Unit (GameReady)

A

-Compression applied intermittently by inflating sleeve with air, circulates cooled water through the sleeve
-Water temperature is 50-77 degrees
-Indications: RTC repair, post-surgical conditions

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9
Q

Purpose/Indications for CryoCuff

A

-Water circulates through a unit that controls compression
-Water must be re-cooled periodically to maintain temperature
-Indications: Post-op surgical conditions for ankle, shoulder, and knee.

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10
Q

Purpose/Indications for Vapocoolant Spray

A

-Apply the spray in the direction of the muscle fibers–do NOT spray back and forth.
-Produces rapid cooling through evaporation.
-Indications: Trigger points, increase ROM

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11
Q

Purpose/Indications for Iontophoresis

A

Use of a continuous direct current with the purpose of transferring medicinal agents through the skin or mucous membranes.
-Indications for use: Athlete’s foot, Rhinitis, Decubitus ulcers, Post-traumatic edema, Plantar warts, Trigger points, Acute RA, Acute inflammation, Tendonitis

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12
Q

Purpose/Application/Indication
TENS (Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation)

A

Purpose: Pain modulation through activation of central inhibition of pain transmission

Application: Electrode placement may be on sites of nerve roots, trigger points, acupuncture sites, or key points of pain/sensitivity

Indications:
-Acute and Chronic pain modulation
-Bone fractures
-Trigeminal neuralgia
-Phantom pain

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13
Q

Contraindications for TENS

A

-Cardiac pacemaker
-Placement over anterior trans-cervical area
-Epilepsy
-Pregnancy

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14
Q

Purpose/Application/Indication for IFC (Interferential Current)

A

Purpose: Combines two high frequency alternating waveforms that are biphasic

Applications: Can be used bipolar or quadripolar (2 or 4 electrodes)

Indications:
-Pain management
-Urinary incontinence
-Edema management
-Osteoarthritic pain
-Migraines

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15
Q

Contraindications for IFC

A

-Malignancy
-Pregnancy
-Placement over anterior trans-cervical area

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16
Q

Purpose/Application/Indications for Pre-Modulated Current

A

Purpose: Bipolar technique in which the two frequencies are “mixed” inside the machine prior to tissue delivery

Application: Used in smaller areas that are unable to accommodate a quadripolar IFC

Indications:
-Pain control
-Edema reduction via the “muscle milking” technique

17
Q

Contraindications for Pre-Mod

A

-Malignancy
-Pregnancy
-Placement over the anterior trans-cervical area

18
Q

Purpose/Application/Indications for NMES or Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES)

A

Purpose: Technique used to facilitate skeletal muscle activity

Application: Bipolar electrode placement over the target muscle, treatment ranges from 15-20 minutes and can be used multiple times/day

Indications: Facilitates the return of controlled functional muscular activity or maintenance of postural alignment until recover returns

19
Q

Contraindications for NMES/FES

A

-Cardiac pacemaker
-Placement over anterior trans-cervical area
-Epilepsy
-Pregnancy

20
Q

Application of Continuous Mode Ultrasound

A

-Thermal Effects
-1 mhz used for heating DEEP tissues
-3 mhz produces higher temps and used on SUPERFICIAL tissue
-Intensity set between 0.5 and 2 W/cm2

21
Q

Indications for Ultrasound

A

-Soft tissue repair
-Contracture
-Bone fracture
-Trigger point
-Dermal ulcer
-Scar tissue
-Pain

22
Q

Contraindications for Ultrasound

A

-Over eyes or pregnant uterus
-Over cemented prosthetic joint
-Over heart
-Over male reproductive organs
-Over malignancy

23
Q

Application for Pulsed Mode Ultrasound (Non-thermal)

A

-1 mhz used for deep tissues
-3 mhz used for superficial tissues
-Intensity set between 0.5 to 0.75 W/cm2
-NON-THERMAL

24
Q

Purpose of Traction

A

Decreased disc protrusion
Decreased pain
Increased joint mobility
Increased muscle relaxation
Increased soft tissue elasticity
Promotes arterial, venous, and lymphatic flow

25
Q

Indications for Traction

A

Disc herniation
Joint hypomobility
Narrowing of the IV foramen
Nerve root impingement
Osteophyte formation
Subacute pain

26
Q

Contraindications for Traction

A

Acute inflammation
Acute sprains/strains
Bone disease
Cardiopulmonary problems
Movement increases symptoms
Dislocation
Fracture
Hiatal hernia
Meningitis
Osteoporosis
Positive vertebral artery test
Pregnancy
Advanced RA
TMJ dysfunction
Tumors
Vascular conditions

27
Q

Application of Cervical Traction

A

-Use 10 lbs to assess tolerance initially
-7-10% of body weight for soft tissue stretch, muscle spasm, and disc protrusion
-13-20% of body weight for joint distraction.

**Rule of thumb is not to exceed 30 lbs. of force.

28
Q

Application of Lumbar Traction

A

25% of patient’s body weight is needed to overcome the force of friction.

29
Q

Purpose/Application/Indications for Pneumatic Compression

A

Purpose: Pneumatic device applies external pressure to an extremity through an inflatable sleeve.

Application: Check patient’s BP, elevate limb 45 degrees and abduct up to 70 degrees.
Inflation/deflation rate is 3:1 for edema, 4:1 to reshape limb

Indications:
-Lymphedema
-New residual limb
-Risk for DVT
-Edema
-Stasis ulcer
-Hypertrophic scarring

30
Q

Contraindications for Pneumatic Compression

A

-Malignancy of treated areas
-DVT
-Unstable or acute fracture
-Heart failure
-Infection of treated area
-Pulmonary edema
-Circulatory obstruction

31
Q

Purpose of Biofeedback

A

Uses electromechanical device to provide visual and/or auditory feedback related to the amount of electrical activity detected.

Can be utilized to receive information related to motor performance, kinesthetic performance, or physiologic response.

32
Q

Therapeutic Effects of Biofeedback

A

Decreased accessory muscle use
Decreased muscle spasm
Decreased pain
Improved muscle strength
Muscle relaxation
Neuromuscular control
Does not measure muscle contraction, but electrical activity.

33
Q

Application of NMES

A

The two active electrodes should be placed parallel to the muscle fibers and close to each other.

Therapeutic Modalities (1 decks)

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