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Electricity > Modalites > Flashcards

Modalites Flashcards

0
Q

A constant current which electrons move at an even rate /flow is called:

A

Direct current

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1
Q

What is the energy that produces light, heat, magnetic, and chemical changes?

A

Electricity

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2
Q

Of the following terms, which indicates the number of cycles per second that a generator alternates current

A

Hertz rating

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3
Q

A material that does not allows current to pass through is called a

A

Insulator

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4
Q

Which of the following measures electricity

A

Amp- Measures- AM

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5
Q

Which of the following terms is an unit of electric PRESSURE

A

VP-VOLT measures PRESSURE

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6
Q

A unit of resistance is?

A

OR- OHM is a unit of RESISTANCE

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7
Q

Which measures how much energy is being used

A

WE- WATT measures how much ENERGY. Is being used

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8
Q

Which of the following is a path on which electricity leaves the source nd travels to to an appliance to provide power?

A

Closed path

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9
Q

Microdermabrasion machine

A
  • Light resurfacing of the epidermis w/ crystals and suction or diamond tip w/suction
  • reduces fine lines and wrinkle, reduces Hyperpigmentation and scarring
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10
Q

Rotating brush machine

A

Small round brush to exfoliate the skin

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11
Q

Lucas spray

A

Electric pulverized spray
-uses various herbs, extracts or astringents onto the skin

14-16” from face

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12
Q

Spray machine

A

Automated spray device
-mist of water-based solution to

  1. ) thoroughly cleanse
  2. ) after suction or extraction
  3. ) mask removal
  4. ) after mask
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13
Q

What are contradictions of the suction machine

A
  • sensitive skin
  • rosacea
  • think skin
  • infected acne
  • couperose skin
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14
Q

Suction machine

A

Vacuum cleaner for deep pore cleansing (loosens sebum/ impurities)

-lightly suctions the skin w/ glass electrode

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15
Q

What are the contradictions of the facial steamer

A
  • sensitive skin
  • couperose skin
  • acne or rosacea
  • sunburn
  • skin irritation
  • open cuts, abrasions and sores
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16
Q

How far should the steamer be from the face

A

16” (40 cm)

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17
Q

Facial steamer

A
  • considered most important
  • diffuses vapor mist on face
  • softens dead skin cells, sebum, expands skin pores, increases penetration of product
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18
Q

Purple fluorescent

A

Thin skin without enough moisture

Dehydrated

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19
Q

Light violet

A

Dehydrated skin

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20
Q

Bright fluorescent

A

Hydrated skin

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21
Q

Blue-white

A

Normal, healthy skin

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22
Q

Skin scope

A

Magnifying mirror

Light w/ black light to show client and you clients current skin condition

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23
Q

Woods lamp

A

Light, magnification and uv Rays

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24
Q

Diopter

A

Measurement of the degree of magnification

3, 5, 10x diopter lenses

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25
Q

A loupe is

A

-magnifying light

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26
Q

Electrochemical effects

A

Electric currents travel through water-based solution

Relaxing or stimulation effects

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27
Q

Mechanical effects

A

Produced by push and pull via magnets

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28
Q

Radiation

A

Transfer of heat via vacuum (empty space)

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29
Q

Convection

A

Transfer of heat via liquid or gas

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30
Q

Conduction t

A

Transfer of heat via direct contact

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31
Q

Which 3 ways is thermal energy transferred?

A
  1. ) conduction
  2. ) convection
  3. ) radiation
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32
Q

Thermal energy

A

Caused by “friction” to create heat

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33
Q

What is S. A. D.

A

Seasonal effective disorder

-sadness occurs during the winter months (depression)

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34
Q

How far should a uv lamp be from a clients face? Back?

A
  • 30” (76 cm)

- 30”-36” (76-91 cm) back

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35
Q

U V A Rays

A
  • longest ray, takes more time
  • used in tanning beds
  • destroys collagen and elastin
  • makes vita D
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36
Q

U V B Rays

A
  • stimulate melanin production
  • most frequent exposure
  • called the “burning rays@
  • 1000 x’s stronger than UVA rays

280 mm-320nm

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37
Q

UVC Rays

A

Have little effect on skin

200 nm to 280 nm

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38
Q

What are the 3 types of UV Rays

A
  1. ) UVA
  2. ) UVB
  3. ) UVC
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39
Q

Ultra Violet Light

A

Small doses= vita D and germicidal
Large doses= skin cancer

3 different wave lengths

All are either helpful or negative

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40
Q

How far and long can infrared be used

A

5-15 min

30” (75 cm) from face

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41
Q

Infrared Rays

A

Penetrates all layers of the skin, muscles, bone, nerves and joints.

Produces heat

Stimulates, relaxes, and stimulates

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42
Q

Invisible light

A

Produces physical effects on the skin

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43
Q

Incandescent light

A

Produced by ordinary light bulb

Red and warm tones

Closest to natural light

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44
Q

Fluorescent light

A

Blue or cool tones

Cheaper

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45
Q

What are the 2 types of white light

A

1) fluorescent

2) incandescent

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46
Q

What color has the shortest wave length

A

Violet

47
Q

What color has the longest wave length

A

Red

48
Q

What are all the colors we can see

A 
Red 
Orange 
Yellow
Green 
Blue
Indigo 
Violet
49
Q

How many colors of light can be seen

A

7

50
Q

Visible light

A

What we can see

Produces visible color

51
Q

White light

A

Combination of all light

52
Q

What are the 2 types of light

A

1 visible

2 invisible

53
Q

Electromagnetic spectrum

A

Range of all wavelengths that can be produced

-the shorter the wave = more energy

54
Q

Electromagnetic radiation

A

Heat energy transferred by radiation in wave like patterns

55
Q

Wavelength

A

Electric waves measured from the crest of one wave to the other

56
Q

Contradictions for electrotherapy

A

1) pregnancy
2) heart conditions/ pace maker
3) epilepsy
4) high blood pressure
5) open cuts, sores and abrasions
6) diabetes
7) dilated capillaries
8) metal plates, pins and braces

57
Q

Sinusoidal current

A

Ac current that produces muscle stimulation and contraction only 20 min. Long

State of CA has banned this

58
Q

Indirect faradic

A

Esthetician wears moist wrist band while client holds electrode to perform facial massage

  • most frequently used method of faradic
59
Q

Direct faradic

A

Both electrodes are on clients skin and turned on to stimulate muscles

-stimulates muscles
Improves circulation
Improves muscle tone
Increases glandular activity

60
Q

Faradic current

A

Uses ac current to stimulate the muscle to preserve muscle tone

61
Q

Indirect high frequency

A

Client holds glass electrode while esthetician massages the face

For: stimulation and penetration, dry skin types and relaxation

62
Q

Direct high frequency

A

Electrode is directly applied to the face creating ozone layer

For: oily skin with congestion

63
Q

What are two methods using high frequency machine

A

1) direct

2) indirect

64
Q

Sparking or spark gap

A

Creating ozone by slowly lifting away the electrode by no more than 1/4 inch of the skin

65
Q

High frequency current

A

Alternating current using glass electrode filled with gas to penetrate product, kill bacteria and increase circulation using heat and ozone gases

66
Q

Iontophoresis

A

Acidic solution using a positive charge to nourish and penetrate layers of the skin , tighten and form and soothe client hold negative

67
Q

Disincrustation

A

Treats blockages in the skin, pimples, blackheads etc with alkaline solution and negative charge client holds positive

68
Q

Polarity

A

Oppositely charged poles

Negative and positive

69
Q

Electrodes

A

Attract or repel based on the positively or negatively charged particles in the solution and poles

70
Q

Cathode

A

Negatively charged electrode

Black -

71
Q

Anode

A

Positively charged

Red +

72
Q

Polarity changer

A

Changes the current from positive to negative and vice versa

73
Q

Electricity

A

Form of energy that produces light, heat, magnetic, and chemical changes
Travels via circuit

74
Q

Cataphoresis

A

Uses acidic solution with a positive pole penetrate product

Benefits: tightens, firms, penetrates product, constricts blood vessels

75
Q

Anaphoresis

A

Uses alkaline solution to enter the skin and negative pile of the electrode on the face

Benefits expands pores, soften tissue and blood flow

76
Q

Phoresis

A

The process of forcing a water based solution into the skin by applying galvanic current to a solution anaphoresis

77
Q

Ionization

A

Forces water soluble skin care products into the skin

78
Q

Galvanic current

A

Only constant direct current ( DC)

Penetration and Desincrustation

79
Q

What are four types of electrotherapy treatments?

A

1 galvanic
2 high frequency (tesla)
3 faradic
4 sinusoidal

80
Q

Electric current

A

Flow of energy along a conductor with an equal ration of voltage to resistance

81
Q

Electrotherapy treatments

A

Facial treatments that require the U.S. Of electricity

82
Q

What type of outlet should be used where water and electricity may be in contact

A

Ground fault circuit interrupter (GFCI)

Has the test/ reset buttons

83
Q

General shock

A

Passes through he nervous system

-stops the heat, breathing and causes muscles to convulse

84
Q

Local shock

A

Passes through a small part of the body

Causes burns and muscles contractions

85
Q

What are the two types of electrical shock

A

1) local shock

2) general shock aka electrocution

86
Q

Electrical shock

A

Occurs when humans have contact with and electrical current

87
Q

Grounding wire

A

3 wire system with two rectangular prongs and one circular prong

88
Q

Circuit breaker

A

Breaks the flow of electricity

Does not need replacement

89
Q

Fuse

A

A safety device that prevents wires from overheating

- needs replacement

90
Q

Short circuit

A

When a conductor comes in contact with a wire carrying a current to a load

91
Q

Overload

A

Occurs when too many appliances are on one circuit

92
Q

Load

A

Technical term for any appliance needing electricity to work

93
Q

Rheostat

A

Indicates the amount of current flowing through the equipment
Controlled with dial or knob

94
Q

Open circuit

A

Electricity does not travel to an appliance

95
Q

Closed path

A

When electricity leaves the source and travels to an appliance to power it

96
Q

A circuit is also called ____________

A

Closed path

97
Q

What does the back of an appliance tell you

A

1) frequency = hertz needed aka Amps
2) volts needed
3) watts used per second

98
Q

Watt

A

Measure of how much electricity is being used

99
Q

Ohm’s rating

A

Guarantees a safe and appropriate flow of electrical current

100
Q

Ohm

A

Measures of electrical resistance

- resistance to motion through a conductor

101
Q

Volt

A

Aka voltage

Unit electrical pressure 110 or 220 volts is most common

102
Q

Milliamperes

A

1/1000th of an amp

Power a skincare equipment puts out

103
Q

Amp

A

Unit of strength

Also called ampere

ASA

104
Q

Amp rating

A

Number of electrodes flowing through a particular line

10, 20, 30 + amp is general

105
Q

Generator

A

Machine that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy

106
Q

Insulator

A

Material that does not allow a current to pass through

types: silk, dry air, plastic, rubber, wood, glass, brick, cloth and certain liquids

107
Q

Conductors

A

Transports electrical current in a circuit to an appliance

Types: silver and copper = best, aluminum, metals, carbon and water

108
Q

Hertz rating

A

Number of cycles per second a current is alternated

Us= 60 hz

On back plate of machine

109
Q

Rectifier

A

Changes ac to dc

110
Q

Converter

A

Changes dc to ac

111
Q

Frequency

A

Number of times an ac cycle occurs per second

112
Q

Alternating current

AC

A

Rapid oscillating cycle that alternate back and forth

113
Q

Direct Current

Dc

A

Constant current where electrons flow in an even rate and flow in only one direction

-galvanic method

114
Q

Electrons

A

Negatively charged particles

Electricity (1 decks)

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