MOD15

Question 1

Nutrients and oxygen can leave the arteries and arterioles to reach the cells

Answer 1

False

Question 2

What is the maximum number of molecules of oxygen that can bind to hemoglobin?

Answer 2

4

Question 3

veins and venueles have valves in them but arteries and arterioles do not.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Blood move very rapidly in the capillaries

Answer 4

False

Question 5

Oxygen is distributed throughout the body by:

Answer 5

The Circulatory System

Question 6

The pulmonary artery contains oxygenated blood.

Answer 6

False

Question 7

The blood flow slows down in the capillaries because the increased total area of the capillary is very large.

Answer 7

True

Question 8

There is a reserve of oxygen in the muscles by:

Answer 8

myoglobin

Question 9

The partial pressure of oxygen in the lungs causes it to load into the circulatory system.

Answer 9

True

Question 10

To prevent back flow of blood in the heart there are:

Answer 10

valves

Question 11

The slow flow of blood in the capillaries facilitates the production of bicarbonates in the blood.

Answer 11

True

Question 12

When oxygen passes from the lungs into the circulatory system as a gas, how many cells does it have to pass through to be in the circulatory system?

Answer 12

2

Question 13

When the ventricles contract, blood is pushed out into the artery and the artery stretches because of its elastic layers allowing the blood to continue to flow into the circulatory system while the ventricle is relaxing.

Answer 13

True

Question 14

One of the problems with the increased surface area of the lungs is that the ________ could stick to each other causing the lungs to collapse. To get around this the body secretes _________ into the lungs.

Answer 14

Alveoli, surfactant

Question 15

When the systole occurs the ventricle is contracting

Answer 15

True

Question 16

The heart pace maker that triggers the two atria to contract is the _______ ________.

Answer 16

Sinoatrial node

Question 17

When arterial blood pressure falls, the body compensates by raising the blood pressure. Explain this process.

Answer 17

When the blood pressure falls, the kidneys release renin. Renin activates angiotensin which causes the blood vessels to constrict. This raises the arterial pressure.

Question 18

The inspiratory and the expiratory reserves make up the total volume in the lungs.

Answer 18

False

Question 19

Surfactants is one of the later components made in the fetus (prior to birth).

Answer 19

True

Question 20

The two circuits in the heart and the cardiovascular system have the same blood pressure.

Answer 20

False

Question 21

Once inside the circulatory system _________ is the molecule that binds oxygen.

Answer 21

Hemoglobin

Question 22

The left ventricle of the heart contains more muscle.

Answer 22

True

Question 23

The slow flow of blood in the capillaries facilitates release of oxygen.

Answer 23

True

Question 24

In capillaries the blood pressure pushes nutrients out of the capillaries toward the cells.

Answer 24

True

Question 25

The oxygen in the circulatory system functions to bring oxygen to every cell of the body so it can make ATP.

Answer 25

True

Question 26

The atrioventricular node fires after the sinoatrial node.

Answer 26

True

Question 27

When you inhale, which set of muscles uses the least amount of ATP and triggers the parasympathetic nervous system?

Answer 27

Diaphragm

Question 28

The lungs have increased surface area to increase the movement of oxygen into the circulatory system.

Answer 28

True

Question 29

Tidal breathing causes the incoming air to mix with some older air in the lungs.

Answer 29

True

Question 30

The excretory system uses oxygen because oxygen diffuses more rapidly into the excretory system because it contains water in the urine.

Answer 30

False

Question 31

The heart contains two circuits. Name them.

Answer 31

Pulmonary and systemic

Question 32

Red blood cells carry CO2 back to the lungs.

Answer 32

False

Question 33

What does carbonic anhydrase do?

Answer 33

Converts carbon dioxide into bicarbonate

Question 34

In mammals ventilation is tidal.

Answer 34

True

Question 35

The lungs are in the thoracic cavity but they are also in another cavity. What is the name of that other cavity?

Answer 35

Pleural cavity

Question 36

There are two factors that causes the release of oxygen from hemoglobin-list them.

Answer 36

Drop in pO2 (partial pressure) and drop in the pH (bohr effect)

Question 37

When the diaphragm is relaxed, it allows air to leave the lungs including the residual volume.

Answer 37

False

Question 38

Unlike other epithelia, the epithelia that make up the capillaries have holes in them called fenestrations.

Answer 38

True

Question 39

The bowman's capsule, the proximal convoluted tubule, and the distal convoluted tubule are in the cortex of the kidney.

Answer 39

True

Question 40

The medulla of the kidney secretes epinephrine

Answer 40

False

Question 41

Efferent arterioles enter the bowman's capsule and afferent arterioles leave the Bowman's capsule.

Answer 41

False

Question 42

The functional unit of the kidney is the nephron.

Answer 42

True

Question 43

Blood pressure is the force that drives molecules out of the glomerulus into the Bowman's capsule.

Answer 43

True

Question 44

The Bowman's capsule is the beginning of the nephron

Answer 44

True

Question 45

Blood pressure drives red blood cells and plasma proteins out of the glomerulus.

Answer 45

False

Question 46

Each kidney contains about 1 million nephrons.

Answer 46

True

Question 47

The collecting duct of the kidney drains into the _______ and this enters the ______ ______.

Answer 47

Ureter, urinary bladder

Question 48

Give an example of homeostasis in the kidney.

Answer 48

Blood Pressure

Question 49

The kidney controls the water balance in the body

Answer 49

True

Question 50

Urine leaves our body through the urethra.

Answer 50

True

Question 51

Toxins including urea (in mammals) is driven out of the glomerulus into the Bowman's capsule.

Answer 51

True

Question 52

What happens to the nephron if the blood pressure drops significantly?

Answer 52

Kidney failure

Question 53

The kidney filters about 180 L of blood per day.

Answer 53

True

Question 54

The proximal convoluted tubule useful molecules are collected and brought back into the circulatory system such as glucose and amino acids but not the toxic materials.

Answer 54

True

Question 55

The kidney gets rid of toxic compounds.

Answer 55

True

Question 56

The inter-weaving of the circulatory system with the nephron is essential for the concentration of urea in the urine.

Answer 56

True