Mod B Unit 1, Les 5 Classification Of Living Things

Question 1

How do scientists figure out how living things are related?

Answer 1

1. They examine both physical (like skeletal structure)

2. chemical characteristics (DNA)

Question 2

How are living things scientifically named?

Answer 2

Begins with genus, followed by the species name

“Homo Sapien” for humans

Question 3

What is meant by the “ species” and the. “ genus” in a scientific name?

Answer 3

Species: a group of organisms that are very closely related can mate, and produce offspring
Genus: referes to the organism’s similar species

Question 4

The science of describing, classifying, and naming living things is known as _________.

Answer 4

Taxonomy

Question 5

Name the levels of classification used to classify organisms in order from the most general to the most specific. (There are 7)
two ways to remember them:

“Did King Philip come over for good soup?”
“Dumb Kids Prefer Cheese Over Fried Green Spinach”

Answer 5

Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, class, order, family, genus, species

Question 7

What does the “domain” tell us in the classification system? Name them. (There are 3)

Answer 7

It represents the largest differences among organisms. They are:
Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya

Question 8

What are the general characteristics of bacteria?

Answer 8

Are prokaryotes, have a cell wall, reproduce by cell division, single celled, live almost anywhere

Question 9

What are the general characteristics of Archaea?

Answer 9

Are prokaryotes, live in harsh environments, have unique cell walls

Question 10

What are the general characteristics of Eukarya?

Answer 10

Are eukaryotes, cells have a nucleus, organelles, membranes, and can be single or multi-cellular

Question 11

What are the 4 kingdoms under Eukarya?

Answer 11

Protists
Plantae
Fungi
Animalia

Question 13

These are the general characteristics of the _________kingdom.
Single or multicellular
Some make food, others consume
Reproduce either sexually or asexually

Answer 13

Protist kingdom

Question 14

These are the general characteristics of the _________kingdom.

Single or Multicellular
Reproduce asexually or sexually
Get energy by absorbing materials
Use digestive juices to break down material for food

Answer 14

Fungi kingdom

Question 15

These are the general characteristics of the _________kingdom.

Multicellular
Make food (photosynthesis)
Reproduce sexually or asexually
Can’t move by themselves

Answer 15

Plantae kingdom

Question 16

__________ is a diagram designed by scientists to show relationships among species. (See diagram on p. 62)

Answer 16

Cladogram

Question 17

______ ______ is another tool that uses a series of paired statements to identify organisms. As you choose the statement, you are directed to another pair of statements.

Answer 17

Dichotomous key

Question 18

These are the general characteristics of the _________kingdom.

Multicellular and no cell wall
Consume organisms for food
Most move around
Most reproduce sexually, a few asexually

Answer 18

Animalia kingdom

Question 19

According to this chapter, ___________ is the term used to describe organisms that make their own food.

Answer 19

Autotrophs

Question 20

According to this chapter, __________ is the term used to describe organisms that consume other organisms for food.

Answer 20

Heterotrophs