Mod. 8 Flashcards
Exam #3
the forces that energize & direct behavior
motivation
we behave the way we do because of the instincts we are born with
instinct theory
needs push/drive you to behave in certain ways
drive (push) theory
external stimuli regulate motivational states
incentive (pull) theory
Maslow’s hierarchy of needs (bottom - top)
physiological, safety & security, love, esteem, self actualization)
brings on hunger
lateral hypothalamus
stops/depresses hunger
ventromedial hypothalamus
need to master difficult challenges, to outperform others & to meet high standards of excellence
achievement motive
we engage in the behavior because of the behavior itself
intrinsic motivation (internal)
motivated to perform behavior because we wanted to get rewarded or avoid punishment
extrinsic motivation (external)
how we think about the emotion we are experiencing
cognitive (component of emotion)
when deciding whether or not we are happy we compare ourselves to others
social comparison (relative deprivation)
when you judge your happiness based on your past experiences/behaviors
adaptation levels
arousal that also accompanies emotions
physiological (component of emotion)
outward behaviors that accompany emotions (non-verbal behavior)
behavioral (components of emotion)
Ekman & Friesen’s study of emotion
studied if different facial expressions are universal (conclusion: yes)
a certain physiological response leads to emotion.
stimulus (big dog) –> automatic arousal –> fear –> “I feel afraid because I tremble”
James-Lange Theory
are labels of the emotion & physiological reaction that occurs at the same time.
stimulus (big dog) –> fear & automatic arousal –> “the dog makes me tremble & feel afraid”
Cannon-Bard Theory
we look around our environment to label emotions we are experiencing.
stimulus (big dog) –> arousal & environment –> fear
Schacter’s Theory
Facial-Feedback Hypothesis
the idea that facial expressions influence a person’s emotional state
