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PH 2206 - Nutrition > Mod 7 Exam > Flashcards

Mod 7 Exam Flashcards

1
Q

T declines __% per year after the age of ___

A

1%, 40

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2
Q

S/S of andropause

A

Prostrate enlargement, ED/libido, loss of LM, increase in FM, loss of energy and CV endurance

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3
Q

Side effects of Viagra, Cialis, and Levitra are…

A

Thrombus, death, BP problems

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4
Q

GH injections to regulate hormones in men lead to…

A

Issues with DM, CVD and cancer

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5
Q

BPH is

A

Benign prostate hyperplasia

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6
Q

DHT was linked to…

A

BPH

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7
Q

Steroid synthesis of testosterone

A

CHOL —> DHEA —> androstenedoione —> T

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8
Q

Synthesis of DHT

A

T —> via 5a-reductase —> DHT

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9
Q

Which of these inhibits 5a-reductase (prevent production fo DHT from T)?

Saw Palmetto
Soy-isoflavones
B-sitosterol

A

B-sito

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10
Q

What substance is an antioxidant and also breaks down DHT?

A

Soy isoflavones

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11
Q

T or F: rate of prostate CA is 10% higher in NA than Asia

A

F - 80%

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12
Q

1 in __ men in Canada develops prostate CA

A

8

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13
Q

Prostate CA is the ___ leading cause of death in CAN

A

2

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14
Q

MC location in the prostate to be cancerous. MC METs?

A

Peripheral zone

Bone lymph bladder rectum

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15
Q

Is prostate CA genetic?

A

Yes, 40% of cases under 45 y/o

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16
Q

__% of prostate CA can be prevented by nutrition

A

75

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17
Q

What’s Gleason scoring?

MC Grade?

A

Greater the score, worser the prognosis

Grade 1 - cells are like normal but starting to be closely packed; grade 2 is when they are larger and have more space between them?

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18
Q

8 ounces of what juice has been found as an intervention to prostate CA

A

Pom juice

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19
Q

List 6 supplements for prostate CA

A

Vit D, saw palmetto, soy isoflavones, essential FA, melatonin, multivitamin

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20
Q

___% decline in E, PG, T in women after the age of 50

A

90 E, 66 PG, 50 T

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21
Q

3 natural supplements for HRT in women

A

Black cohosh

Soy extract

Gamma-oryzanol

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22
Q

1 in __ women will have breast CA

A

8

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23
Q

__% of breast CA is dietary related

A

50

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24
Q

3 genes of breast CA

A

BRCA 1, 2

HER2

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25
Q

Functions of BCRA 1 and 2

A

Tumour suppression

DNA repair, protein degradation, regulate transcription

DNA repair of PTEN (phosphate and tension homolog); induce apoptosis

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26
Q

Mutated BCRA gene = __% risk in women

A

80

27
Q

P53 gene—> secretes _________ —> rips off ______ to inhibit mito function

A

Bax peptide; cytochrome C

28
Q

3 natural silencers of HER2

A

Vit D, E, Curcumin

29
Q

Another 4 supplements for breast CA

A

Boswellia, White willow, ginger, melatonin (all related to anti-inflammatory)

30
Q

Osteoporosis:

1 in __ M
1 in __ W

A

1 in 8 men, 1 in 4 wome

31
Q

After the age of 45…BMD declines __-__% per year

A

0.5-1

3-5% post menopause

32
Q

BMD scoring for osteoporosis (4 categories)

A 
Normal = <1 SD
Osteopenia = 1-2.5 SD (2x Fx risk)
Osteoporosis = >2.5 SD (3-5x Fx risk)
Severe = SAA + patho Fx
33
Q

5 reasons you’d use DXA to assess BMD

A

Thyroid problems, Hx of BMD issues, steroid use, women with menstrual problems and BMD, underweight people (>45)

34
Q

T or F: most people don’t get enough Ca

A

T

35
Q

AI values for Ca (no RDA)

9-18
19-50
50+

A

1300
1000
1200

36
Q

Alendronate and Riedronate are both drugs for…

A

Osteoporosis - prevent bone resorption

37
Q

T or F: Horny goat weed (epimedium drugs) can work better than osteoporosis drugs

A

T

38
Q

3 common enzyme complexes that destroy ROSs

A

Superoxide dismutaste, catalase, glutathione peroxide

39
Q

Vitamin E

2 forms (active and inactive)
Antioxidants to protect
A

Tocotrienol, tocopherol (active)

LDL, PUFAs

40
Q

Vitamin C

Overdose?
Functions

A

Bleeding, GI issues

Immune, iron absorption, collagen, antioxidant

41
Q

B-carotene

Precursor for?
Functions
Sources

A

Anything red, orange, dark green

Retinol

UV protection in eyes and skin

Weak antioxidant

42
Q

Which vitamins/minerals do not have an RDA? (5)

A 
Selenium
Calcium
Fluoride
B-carotene
Vitamin K
43
Q

Vitamin A

Stored in..
3 forms

A

Liver

Retinol, retinal, retinoic acid

44
Q

Selenium

Function
Sources

A

Antioxidant, thyroid hormone synthesis

Halibut, tuna, couscous, cheese

45
Q

2 disease related to lack of selenium

A

Keshan - heart

Kashin-beck - arthritis (a and a)

46
Q

5 modifiable RF of cancer

A 
Vit D
Exercise/diet
UV
Smoking
Alcohol
47
Q

Low calcium in body

High calcium in body

A

Low = PTH for bone resorption + Vit D —> Ca absorption in intestine, kidneys retain Ca

High = Calcitonin released from thyroid —> prevent Ca reabsorption in kidneys, limit intestinal Ca absorption, inhibit osteoclasts from resorption

48
Q

Vitamin D

2 diseases related to deficiency

A

Rickets and osteomalacia

49
Q

Vitamin K

Produced by bacteria where?
Functions (2)
Sources

A

Trail mix, halibut, spinach

Bone and blood coagulation

Large intestine

2 forms: phyloquinone, menaquinone

50
Q

85% of phosphorus is found in……

A

Bone

51
Q

50-60% of the body’s magnesium is found in…

A

Bone

52
Q

99% of body’s fluoride is found in

A

Teeth and bones

53
Q

Match condition with vitamin B or mineral

Ariboflavinosis
Pellagra
Beriberi
Pernicious anemia
Masks B12 deficiency 
B12 (cobalamin)
B1 (thiamin)
B2 (riboflavin)
Niacin
B6
Folate
A 
Ariboflavinosis - B2 (riboflavin)
Pellagra - Niacin 
Beriberi - B1 (thiamin)
Pernicious anemia - B12 (cobalamin)
Masks B12 deficiency - folate deficiency
54
Q

Best sources of pantothenic acid

A

Chicken, beef, egg yolk, potatoes

55
Q

Niacin overdose….4 Ds

A

Death, diarrhea, dermatitis, dementia

56
Q

Sulphur is required for detox of alcohol and drugs by the …

A

Liver

57
Q

Iron

Stored as (2) in the body
2 types found in food
Excessive disease?
A

Ferritin and hemosiderin

Heme and non-heme

Hemochromatosis - excessive iron absorption and storage

58
Q

3 stage of iron deficiency

Stage 1
Stage 2
Stage 3

A

1 - depletion, 2 - iron-deficiency erythropoiesis, 3 - iron deficiency anemia (pale skin, fatigue, impaired cognitions/immune)

59
Q

Zinc

2 main functions

A

Hb and superoxide dismutase

60
Q

FIT

Endurance
Strengthening
Flexibility

A

Endurance/strengthening/flexibility
F - 3-4x/week; 2-3x/week; 2-4x/week
I - 65-90% HRmax; 70-85%, full ROM
T - 20 mins; 1-3 sets of 8-12 reps; 2-4 reps per stretch

61
Q

Diet for athletes (% of kCal)

CHO
Fat
PRO

A

45-65
20-35
10-35

62
Q

Side fx of CHO (glycogen) loading

A

GI distress, lethargy

63
Q

3 ergogenic aids that have been found to be ineffective

A

Carnitine, chromium, ribose

PH 2206 - Nutrition (1 decks)

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