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botany lec midterm > mod 4 lec > Flashcards

mod 4 lec Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 4 functions of roots

A

absorbs
stores
anchors
produce hormones

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2
Q

elongation in response to stimuli

A

auxins

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3
Q

seed germination

A

gibberellins

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4
Q

cell division
growth of fruits

A

cytokinin

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5
Q

maturation and aging

A

ethylene

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6
Q

death of leaves

A

abscisic acid

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7
Q

root growth of dicots and gymnosperms

A

taproot system

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8
Q

root growths of monocot and seedless vascular plants

A

fibrous root system

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9
Q

composed of thimble-shaped mass of parenchyma cells covering the tip of each root.
protects delicate tissues behind from damage as the young root tip pushes through the soil particles

A

root cap

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10
Q

what does the root cap contain

A

amyloplast
dictiosomes

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11
Q

acts as gravity sensors and orients the root to grow downward

A

amyloplast

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12
Q

this region is composed of apical meristem and produce the root cap

A

region of cell division

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13
Q

what are the three subdivision of apical meristem

A

protoderm
ground meristem
procambium

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14
Q

this region merges with apical meristem, cells become longer and wider

A

region of cell elongation

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15
Q

this region is also known as differentiation or root hair zone..
cells mature or differentiate to form into the dermal, vascular and ground tissues

A

region of maturation

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16
Q

tubular extensions of specialized epidermal cells that absorbs water and minerals and adheres tightly into soil particles for anchorage

A

root hairs

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17
Q

parenchyma cells resting between the epidermis and the inner tissues that acts as the food storage

A

cortex

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18
Q

single-layered cylinder of compactly arranged cells whose primary walls are impregnated by suberin

A

endodermis

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19
Q

suberin band which prevents water from passing through the permeable cell walls of the endodermis

A

casparian strip

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20
Q

thin-walled endodermal cells which serves as the passageway of materials between the cortex and the vascular bundle

A

passage cells

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21
Q

a collective core of tissues that lies inside the endodermis which may conduct water or food in solution

A

vascular cylinder

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22
Q

region where lateral roots arise in which their cells continue to divide even after maturtion

A

pericycle

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23
Q

four functions of stems

A

transport
store
supports
produce new living tissues

24
Q

grows stems that bear leaves and flowers located at the tip of the stem

A

terminal bud

25
Q

protects dormant terminal buds

A

bud scales

26
Q

left after bud scales fall off

A

bud scars

27
Q

also known as lateral buds. grows stems that bear leaves and flowers found in the axils

A

axillary bud

28
Q

shows where the leaf WAS attached to the stem

A

leaf scars

29
Q

area of the stem where the leaves are attached

A

node

30
Q

area on the stem between two successive nodes

A

internode

31
Q

site of loosely arranged cells that allows gas exchange

A

lenticel

32
Q

outer covering that provides protection by producing cuticle

A

epidermis

33
Q

central cylinder of the stem which is composed of vascular bundle

A

stele

34
Q

vascular cells arranged in a circular pattern

A

vascular bundle

35
Q

ground tissue composed of large, thin-walled parenchyma cells that functions primarily for storage

A

pith

36
Q

main growth tissue of stems and roots

A

vascular cambium

37
Q

functioning secondary xylem

A

sapwood

38
Q

non-functioning secondary xylem which provide structural support

A

heartwood

39
Q

continuous cylinder or dividing cells that makes up the periderm

A

cork cambium

40
Q

are dead at maturity and have heavily suberized or waterproof walls

A

cork cells

41
Q

stores water and food

A

cork parenchyma

42
Q

functions of leaves

A

identity
produce food

43
Q

a part of the leaves that is broad, flat portion of the leaf

A

lamina/blade

44
Q

a part of the leaves where the stalk is attaches the leaf to the stem

A

PETIOLE

45
Q

a part of the leaves where there is a leaf-like outgrowth at the base of the petiole

A

stipule

46
Q

a part of the leaves where there is no stipule

A

sessile

47
Q

a type of leaf with only a single plate

A

simple

48
Q

a type of leaf with two or more divided leaflets

A

compound

49
Q

leaflets are borne on an axis that is a continuation of the petiole

A

pinnately

50
Q

leaflets arise from common point at the end of the petiole

A

palmately

51
Q

one leaf at each node

A

alternate

52
Q

two leaves at each node

A

opposite

53
Q

three or more leaves at each node

A

whorled

54
Q

primary veins run approximately parallel to one another along the leaf’s long axis with smaller veins forming connections between the primary veins

A

parallel

55
Q

smaller veins branch off the larger veins that resembles a net

A

reticulated / netted

botany lec midterm (3 decks)

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