Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

CD 1302 - Orthopedics > Mod 4 - Facts Blast > Flashcards

Mod 4 - Facts Blast Flashcards

1
Q

cSMT and VBAs = chances are ?

A

1 in 1.5 M

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

NP Prevalence

A

2-12%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

NPTF Rule of Thirds

R?
I?
P?

A

Recurrence

improvement

persistent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

% of people who have Recurrence of NP

A

50-85%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Likelihood of a VBA stroke post cSMT?

A

1 in 1-2 M

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What % of NP patients also have CFJS?

A

50%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

90% of CDH occur at what level?

A

C5-C6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Incidence of WAD in Ontario?

A

0.6/thousand people/year

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

____ km/h is considered a “dangerous” MOI

A

100

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

(delta)v of ____ km/h is considered within ST tolerance?

A

8 km/h

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Neck musculature responds requires up to ___ ms

A

220 (aka. far too late)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Upon impact in an MVA - G forces through the neck can be up to ____ times

A

5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Timeline for WAD

Acute
Subacute
Chronic
Last

A

2-4 weeks
4-8 weeks
12-16 weeks
full recovery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

__% of WAD patients will recover within 6 months - 2 years?

A

75

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

WAD2 patients - what % will still have residual pain?

A

40-70%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Even though it is critical to catch it early on, AS patients tend to have a delayed Dx __-__ years

A

5-12 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Name 3 scenarios where you will need to update informed consent

A

new condition

change in health status

> 2 years since they have last signed (even if they have been seeing you, or if they haven’t been into the office)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

2 most frequently reported complications post-cSMT

A

VBA strokes (post rotary cSMT)and CES

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

List 7 Reg Flags or Contraindications of SMT

A

Recent high fever/infection, fractures, instability, unexplained weight loss/gain, night pain, corticosteroid use, cancer, acute myelopathy, CES, acute arthropathies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

T or F: women are more likely to get NP and have longer/complex prognosis

A

T

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

T or F: torticollis is not a Dx but an observation

A

T

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

3 types of torticollis - differentiate them

A

congenital - muscular - good prognosis if addressed early on - conservative care and parental exercises (asso w/ hip dysplasia and plagiocephaly)

congenital - bony - limited Tx

acquired - usually post traumatic (unaddressed) or patho (disease-related)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

3 most common symptoms with TOS

A

neuro symptoms down medial arm (usually ulnar)

aching pain down same arm

weakness and fatigue of the arm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What forces is the vertebral artery vulnerable to?

A

mechanical compression. shearing, stretch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

General steps to a stroke

A 
tear of intima
turbulent flow
clot factors aggregation 
clot formation
embolism
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Onset of signs and symptoms of VAS/VBA

A

temporal relationsihp

immediate onset of symptoms

thrombosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

5 D
1 A
3 N

A

diplopia, dizziness, dysphagia, dysarthria, drop attacks

ataxia

nystagmus, nausea, numbness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

4 commonly discussed RF for VA dissection

A

MOSH

hypertension
smoking
oral contraceptives
migraines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What is PICA and how is it asso w/ Wallenburg syndrome

A

posterior interior cerebellar artery (ischemia of the medulla oblongata can elicit autonomic or balance dysfunctions)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Locked-in syndrome asso w/ what?

A

pontine artery occlusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

3 main causes of VBA dissection/occulsion

A

iatrogenic (due to medical folks), neck manip, trauma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

GBD Index - causes of disability

1)
7)
8)
13/15)

A

GBD Index - causes of disability

1) LBP, NP
7) Migraines
8) Other MSK
13/15) Falls/OA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

When it comes to CFJS, why may you hold off on SMT for the first few days of week?

A

facet hemoarthosis - may cause bleeding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Facet restricted motion - usually pain or no pain?

A

usually no pain…yet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Facet mechanical lock

A

locking due to intra-articular inclusions/menisci

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Facet painful block. Responds well to which type of exercise?

A

bits of the synovial folds getting caught

isometric (multifidus involvement)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

CFJS may present similarly to which two other conditions?

A

disc patho, stenosis, myofascial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

What differentiates CFJS with other ones that can cause localized pain, inter-scapular?

A

usually NO NEURO

39
Q

IF CFJS left untreated - will heal with a natural prognosis of ___ weeks

A

8

40
Q

What nerve innervates the IVD?

A

sinuvertebral nerve (only the outside)

41
Q

T or F: DH usually occurs in dehydrated discs

A

F - usually well hydrated ones

42
Q

T or F: by age 45 - risk of an overt DH is reduced

A

T

43
Q

5 RFs for DH

A 
male
occupation (esp w/ vibrations)
smoking
heavy lifting/twisting
board diving
44
Q

1 symptom of a CDH?

A

arm pain

45
Q

Aggravating factors for a DH

A

coughing, sneezing, straining, twisting, bending

46
Q

What ortho tests would you do for a CDH? What other observations would you expect?

A

valsalva, sotto-hall, kemps, spurlings, ULTT

listing of the neck (torticollis) joint fixations and muscle guarding

47
Q

T or F: with CDH - dermatomal patterns rarely exist

A

T

48
Q

What is the prognosis for a CDH?

A

4-6 months to significantly decease pain and increase function

2-3 years for FULL RECOVERY

49
Q

T or F: people with recurrent NP may be on their way to CDH

A

T

50
Q

What is TrP?

A

area of a muscle which refers pain elsewhere in the body

51
Q

What is the most common cause of peripheral vertigo?

A

BPPV

52
Q

Two types of vertigo?

A

subjective - sensation of you spinning

objective - sensation of the world spinning around you

53
Q

Most common type of vertigo?

A

idiopathic

54
Q

T or F: carotid artery disease does not cause dizziness or vertigo

A

T - carotid artery does not supply cerebellum

55
Q

2 mechanisms of BPPV

canalithisasis
cupulolithiasis

A

otoconia gets stuck in either the canal or cupula

56
Q

What is the best Tx for PC BPPV? 80% success rate

A

Epley’s canalith repositioning procedure

57
Q

What is the most common neuro spinal cord disorder after middle age?

A

CSM - cervical spondylotic myelopathy

58
Q

CSM is usually at which levels?

A

C4-C7

59
Q

UMNL (in the spinal cord) leads to what?

LMNL (in the nerve root) leads to what?

A

hyperreflexia

hyporeflexia
To add a row, press TAB or click the button below.

60
Q

T or F: A headrest set too low can accentuate the hyper-EX

A

T

61
Q

T or F: there are twice as many WAD2 as there are WAD1 in Ontario

A

T

62
Q

What is stop-light braking?

A

when the person is unaware of impact - foot comes off the brake immediately and body and neck absorbs a lot of the forces

63
Q

T or F: there are many structures in the spine to limit hyper EX

A

false (another than ALL)

64
Q

Describe the mechanism for hyper EX and hyper FL injuries

A

hyper-EX = straining of the ant cervical musculature and deep cervicals

hyper-FL = straining of the post cervical muscles and capsules of the facet joints and compression forces on the discs

65
Q

What is the best criteria to evaluate injury likelihood?

A

(delta)v the impact adds to the person’s body. better predictor than absolute v

66
Q

What happens at 44ms and 100ms in a rear end?

A

44 - c spine thrusts upwards

110 - c spine goes into s configuration (lower c is hyper EX, upper c is hyper FL)

67
Q

Aside from the Can C-Spine rules - what other criteria was there? How does it compare to CCSR?

A

NLRC - nexus low risk criteria - less specific/sensitive (misses a lot of people who are positive)

no SP pain
no drugs
no neuro deficit
no painful distraction injury

68
Q

Headrests can prevent the ramping. Headrests can decrease injury risk by __%

A

25

69
Q

1 Symptoms of WAD

A

NP and stiffness

70
Q

Grades of WAD

A 
WAD 0 - no complaints of physical signs
WAD 1 - neck complaint + stiff/tender - no physical signs
WAD 2 - neck complaint + MSK
WAD 3 - neck complaint + neuro
WAD 4 - neck complaint + fx/dx
71
Q

Name some evidence based Tx for WAD

A 
pain control - IFC
SMT + mobs
activation
education + reassurance****
LL laser therapy
exercises
Qigong/I-Yoga (OPTIMA)
72
Q

Definition of a “minor injury”

A

any one or more sprain, strain, WAD, contusion, abrasion, laceration, or subluxation and any clinically associated sequalae

73
Q

Vertebral compression fractures often occur in young patients how?

A

direct fall on bum or hyper FL - hydrated discs may break endplates

74
Q

What is ankylosing spondylitis known as now?

MC in men or women?

A

axial spondyloarthritis

men (5:1)

75
Q

To be Dx with AS - 2/4 of these criteria have to be +………….

A

morning stiffness (>30 mins)
relieved with movement, aggravated with rest
awake with back pain later into night
alternating buttock pain

76
Q

HLA B27….

A

genetic marker/component of AS

77
Q

Key sign on a radiograph of an AS patient

A

trolley track signs

78
Q

Differentiate between an incomplete vs. complete lesion

A

complete - loss of neuro/sensory/autonomic

incomplete - still hurts, pain generation

79
Q

What are some characteristics of intercostal nerve lesions (although rare)?

A

sharp, superficial, burning

80
Q

How is shingles (herpes zoster) related to varicilla zoster?

A

infection of the DR ganglia

subclinical chicken pox

lays latent in DRG (antibodies against the virus decreases with age - leading to re-activation of the virus)

81
Q

What is post-herpetic neuralgia?

A

post shingles pain

50% get rashes in T region

82
Q

Critical zone for t spine is found where (thoracic disc disease)

A

T4-T9

83
Q

MC cause of thoracic radiculopathy

A

diabetes

84
Q

Which nerve transmits pain from CVJs of 1-2 to arm?

A

kuntz

85
Q

MC cause or aggravation of costochondritis

A

heavy breathing, coughing/sneezing, laying prone

86
Q

__% of scoliosis are idiopathic. Do they progress?

A

80

nope!

87
Q

minimum >___ deg to diagnose scoliosis

A

10

88
Q

minimum >___ deg of scoliosis to warrant surgery

A

45

89
Q

4 theories of why F>M scoliosis

A

slenderness
VB height:width growth
hormonal
growth spurts during times of minimal kyphosis

90
Q

Structural scoliosis could be due to a NM cause or ?

A

congenital

91
Q

What hormone has been called out for scoliosis?

A

melatonin

92
Q

T or F:

For adult scoliosis - you are Tx based of the degree of deformity of scoliosis

For young people w/ scoliosis - you are Tx based on the subjective symptoms and physical signs

A

F - other way around

93
Q

T or F: overall physiotherapy scoliosis specific exercises have proven to be highly effective in modulating progression

A

FALSE - POOR EVIDENCE FOR EXERCISES + SCOLIO IN GENERAL

94
Q

Epidemiology of Sch-D

A

children - more active, taller, heavier

CD 1302 - Orthopedics (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions