Mod 4 Flashcards
A 25-year-old unrestrained female struck the steering wheel with her chest when her car hit a tree while traveling at a high rate of speed. She has signs and symptoms of shock, which you suspect are the result of intrathoracic bleeding. Which of the following interventions will provide this patient with the greatest chance for survival?
a.
Intravenous fluid administration
b.
Rapid transport to a trauma center
c.
High-flow oxygen administration
d.
Full immobilization of her spine
b.
Rapid transport to a trauma center
A 56-year-old male is found semiconscious by his wife. Your assessment reveals that his respirations are rapid and shallow, his pulse is rapid and irregular, and his blood pressure is low. The patient’s wife states that he complained of left arm pain and nausea the day before, but would not allow her to call 9-1-1. The MOST likely cause of this patient’s present condition is:
a.
severe septic hypoperfusion.
b.
dehydration from GI virus.
c.
acute myocardial infarction.
d.
a ruptured aortic aneurysm.
When assessing a patient with signs and symptoms of shock, it is important to remember that:
irreversible shock often responds well to a prompt blood transfusion.
b.
multiple fractures are the most common cause of hypovolemic shock.
c.
the patient’s respirations are deep during the early stages of shock.
d.
blood pressure may be the last measurable factor to change in shock.
d.
blood pressure may be the last measurable factor to change in shock.
You are transporting a 33-year-old male who was involved in a major motor vehicle crash. You have addressed all immediate and potentially life-threatening conditions and have stabilized his condition with the appropriate treatment. With an estimated time of arrival at the hospital of 20 minutes, you should:
a.
reassess his condition in 5 minutes.
b.
take his vital signs in 15 minutes.
c.
arrange for an ALS rendezvous.
d.
repeat your secondary assessment.
a.
reassess his condition in 5 minutes.
Your assessment of an unresponsive patient reveals that her breathing is inadequate. Your MOST immediate action should be to:
a.
move her to the ambulance stretcher.
b.
administer high-flow oxygen.
c.
ventilate her with a bag-mask device.
d.
check her airway for obstructions.
d.
check her airway for obstructions.
Neurogenic shock occurs when:
a.
massive vasoconstriction occurs distal to a spinal cord injury.
b.
there is too much blood to fill a smaller vascular container.
c.
failure of the nervous system causes widespread vasodilation.
d.
the spinal cord is severed and causes massive hemorrhaging.
c.
failure of the nervous system causes widespread vasodilation.
Pulmonary edema and impaired ventilation occur during:
a.
septic shock.
b.
cardiogenic shock.
c.
neurogenic shock.
d.
anaphylactic shock.
b.
cardiogenic shock.
Inadequate circulation of blood throughout the body is called ________.
a.
Perfusion
b.
Hypotension
c.
Hypoxia
d.
Shock
b.
Hypotension
While en route to a major motor vehicle crash, an on-scene police officer advises you that a 6-year-old male who was riding in the front seat is involved. He further states that the child was only wearing a lap belt and that the airbag deployed. On the basis of this information, you should be MOST suspicious that the child has experienced:
a.
lower extremity fractures.
b.
open abdominal trauma.
c.
neck and facial injuries.
d.
blunt trauma to the head.
c.
neck and facial injuries.
The optic nerve endings are located within the:
a.
sclera.
b.
pupil.
c.
cornea.
d.
retina.
d.
retina.
A patient who is complaining of seeing flashing lights, specks, or “floaters” in his or her field of vision has most likely experienced:
a.
conjunctivitis.
b.
a detached retina.
c.
a blow-out fracture.
d.
acute hyphema.
b.
a detached retina.
The lower jawbone is called the:
a.
zygoma.
b.
mastoid.
c.
maxillae.
d.
mandible.
d.
mandible.
When a light is shone into the pupil:
a.
it should become smaller in size.
b.
both pupils should dilate together.
c.
the opposite pupil should dilate.
d.
it should become larger in size.
a.
it should become smaller in size.
If your patient swallows blood following facial trauma, there is an increased risk of ________.
a.
GI trauma
b.
altered LOC
c.
Vomiting
d.
hypotension
c.
Vomiting
A patient with a head injury presents with abnormal flexion of his extremities. What numeric value should you assign to him for motor response?
a.
5
b.
2
c.
4
d.
3
d.
3
The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) is used to assess:
a.
sensory response, pupil reaction, and heart rate.
b.
verbal response, eye opening, and mental status.
c.
eye opening, verbal response, and motor response.
d.
mental status, eye opening, and respiratory rate.
c.
eye opening, verbal response, and motor response.
Which of the following breathing patterns is most indicative of increased intracranial pressure?
a.
Increased rate and depth with the distinct odor of acetone on the patient’s breath
b.
Irregular rate, pattern, and volume of breathing with intermittent periods of apnea
c.
Increased rate with a normal inspiratory time and a prolonged expiratory time
d.
Slow, shallow occasional gasps that progress to prolonged periods of apnea
b.
Irregular rate, pattern, and volume of breathing with intermittent periods of apnea
What part of the nervous system controls the body’s voluntary activities?
a.
Central
b.
Sensory
c.
Somatic
d.
Autonomic
c.
Somatic
During your assessment of a patient with blunt chest trauma, you note that the patient has shallow breathing and paradoxical movement of the left chest wall. You should:
a.
assist ventilations with a bag valve mask.
b.
request a paramedic to decompress the chest.
c.
make note of it and continue your assessment.
d.
apply high-flow oxygen via nonrebreathing mask.
a.
assist ventilations with a bag valve mask.
A flail chest occurs when:
a.
multiple ribs are fractured on both sides of the thoracic cage.
b.
a segment of the chest wall is detached from the thoracic cage.
c.
a segment of fractured ribs bulges during the inhalation phase.
d.
more than three ribs are fractured on the same side of the chest.
b.
a segment of the chest wall is detached from the thoracic cage.
Patients with chest injuries will often present with
a.
tachypnea
b.
Cheyne-Stokes respirations
c.
Kussmaul respirations
d.
agonal respirations
a.
tachypnea
The mesentery is:
a.
the point of attachment between the small and large intestines.
b.
a complex network of blood vessels that supply blood to the liver.
c.
a membranous fold that attaches the intestines to the walls of the body.
d.
a layer of thick skeletal muscles that protects the abdominal organs.
c.
a membranous fold that attaches the intestines to the walls of the body.
A 67-year-old male presents with weakness, dizziness, and melena that began approximately two days ago. He denies a history of trauma. His blood pressure is 90/50 mm Hg and his pulse is 120 beats/min and thready. You should be most suspicious that this patient is experiencing:
a.
gastrointestinal bleeding.
b.
an aortic aneurysm.
c.
acute appendicitis.
d.
intrathoracic hemorrhaging
a.
gastrointestinal bleeding.
