mod 3 Flashcards
Involuntary
Autonomic Nervous System
Voluntary
Somatic nervous system
Regulates the functions of our internal organs, such as the heart, stomach, lungs and intestines
Automatic Nervous System
Part of the peripheral nervous system and it also controls some of the muscles within the body.
Autonomic Nervous System
Regulates involuntarily responses. For example, we do not notice when blood vessels change size or when our heart beats faster.
Autonomic Nervous System
Part of the peripheral nervous system connects the brain to the motor neurons such as those found in the skeletal muscles
Somatic Nervous System
We are in control of this system and we use it when we want to make our muscles move
Somatic Nervous System
Constrict pupils
Parasympathetic Nerves
Stimulate Saliva
Parasympathetic Nerves
Slow heartbeat
Parasympathetic Nerves
Constrict airways
Parasympathetic Nerves
Stimulate activity of Stomach
Parasympathetic Nerves
Stimulate gallbladder
Parasympathetic Nerves
Stimulate activity of Intestines
Parasympathetic Nerves
Contract bladder
Parasympathetic Nerves
Dilates pupil
Sympathetic Nerves
Inhibit Salivation
Sympathetic Nerves
Increase heartbeat
Sympathetic Nerves
Relax airways
Sympathetic Nerves
Inhibit activity of Stomach
Sympathetic Nerves
Inhibit gallbladder
Sympathetic Nerves
Inhibit activity of Intestines
Sympathetic Nerves
Secretes epinephrine & norepinephrine
Sympathetic Nerves
Relax Bladder
Sympathetic Nerves
two components of Autonomic Nervous System
: Sympathetic and parasympathetic Nerves
emerge directly from the brain
cranial nerves
are peripheral nerves that emerge from the cranial nerve nuclei of the brainstem and spinal cord. they innervate the head and neck. they are numbered 1 to 12 according to their order of exit to the skull fissures
Cranial Nerve
CN 1
olfactory nerve
CN II
Optic Nerve
CN III
oculomotor nerve
CN IV
trochlear nerve
CN V
trigeminal nerve
CN VII
facial nerve
CN VIII
Vestibulocochlear Nerve
CN IX
Glossopharyngeal Nerve
CN X
Vagus Nerve
CN XI
Accessory Nerve
CN XII
Hypoglossal Nerve
Motor Nerves
III, IV, VI, XI, XII
Sensory Nerves
I,II, and VIII
Mixed Nerves
V, VII, IX X
True or False: nerves have paths within and outside the skull
True
paths within the skull are called
Intracranial Nerve
paths outside the skull are called
extracranial
holes in the skull by which the nerves can exit the skull
Foramina
True or False: all cranial nerves are paired which means they occur on both the right and left sides of the body
True
function supplied by a nerve, on the SAME SIDE of the body, is an
Ipsilateral Function
Function is on the OPPOSITE SIDE to the origin of the nerve, is known as
Contralateral Function
consists of all the fibers within cranial and spinal nerves that enable us to perform voluntary body movements and feel sensation from the skin muscle and joints.
Somatic Nervous System
perform voluntary body movements
efferent
feel sensation from the skin, muscles and joints
afferent
this division innervates all involuntary structures of the body - cardiac, glandular, and smooth muscles (blood vessels and hollow organs)
autonomic nervous system
originate from CNS and end by synapsing with neurons of the peripheral autonomic ganglia
presypnatic fibers
are the axons of ganglion neurons, extending from the ganglion to peripheral tissues.
postsynaptic fibers
in sympathetic nerves the presynaptic fiber is ____ as the ganglia are located very close to the spinal cord.
short
in sympathetic nerves the postsynaptic fiber is much _____ in order to reach the target organ
longer
in parasympathetic nerves the presynaptic fiber is
longer
in parasympathetic nerves the postsynaptic is
shorter
adjust our bodies for situation of increased physical activity
sympathetic nervous system
the flight and flight response
Sympathetic Nervous System
adjust our body for energy conservation
Parasympathetic Nervous System
rest and digest
Parasympathetic Nervous System
slow down the actions of the cardiovascular system, divert blood away from muscles, and increase peristalsis and gland secretion
parasympathetic nervous system
comprises the sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system fibers that regulate the activity of the gastrointestinal tract
enteric nervous system
CN I (Olfactory Nerve) sensory
nose
CN II (Optic Nerve) sensory:
eye
CN III (Oculomotor Nerve) motor:
all eye muscles except those supplied by IV and VI
CN IV (Trochlear Nerve) motor:
superior oblique muscle
CN V (Trigeminal Nerve) sensory:
face, sinuses, teeth, e.t.c.
CN V (Trigeminal Nerve) motor:
muscles of mastication
CN VI (Abducens Nerve) motor:
external rectus muscle
CN VII (Vestibulocochlear Nerve) sensory:
inner ear
CN IX (Glossopharyngeal Nerve) motor:
pharyngeal musculature
CN IX (Glossopharyngeal Nerve) sensory:
posterior part of tongue, tonsil, pharynx
CN X (Vagus Nerve) motor:
heart, lungs, bronchi, gastrointestinal tract
CN X (Vagus Nerve) sensory:
heart, lungs, bronchi, trachea, larynx, pharynx, gastrointestinal tract, external ear
CN XI (Accessory Nerve) motor:
sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles
CN XII (Hypoglossal Nerve) motor:
muscles of the tongue
Intermediate Nerve motor:
submandibular and sublingual gland
Intermediate Nerve sensory:
anterior part of tongue and soft palate
CN VI
Abducens Nerve
