Mod. 2 Lipids

Question 1

Why are lipids bad for your health?

Answer 1

Causes cholestrol to be deposited in the walls of the arteries, resulting in cardiovascular disease.

Question 2

Why is fat a good storage energy molecule?

Answer 2

• there are lots of C-H bonds
• It is insoluble
• it is unreactive

Question 3

What are the functions of lipids in the body?

Answer 3

• insulation layer
• energy store
• myelin sheath that protects neurons
• protective layer around organs in the lower torso

Question 4

What is a tri-glyeride?

Answer 4

3 fatty acid molecules attaches to 1 glycerol molecule. it is made in a condensation reaction by attraction of the -OH groups. The H from glycerol and OH from the fatty acid chain from H2O and the O from the glycerol bonds with the C=O of the fatty acid chain (ester bond formed by esterification).

Question 5

What is the difference between saturated and non-saturated fats?

Answer 5

• saturated has no double bonds (come from plants)
• non-saturated can have one or more double bonds in the carbon chain, bending the shape (come from animals, the kinks in the chain raise the melting point)

Question 6

What are the properties of lipids?

Answer 6

• non-polar
• hydrophobic
• macromolecules

Question 7

What is a phospholipid?

Answer 7

Modified triglyceride molecule. The phosphate group attaches to 2 fatty acid chains (phosphate group replaces the third) and because of phosphate’s extra electrons, it is negatively charged. Phospholipids have hydrophilic heads and hydrophobic tails, making them perfect membrane molecules.