Mod 2 head face and neck Flashcards
Multiple Sclerosis (MS)
Primary Tumor and/or Metastatic disease
AIDS (Toxoplasmosis)
Infarction/Stroke (CVA) / (TIA)
Hemorrhage
Visual Disturbances / Hearing Loss / Tinnitus / Vertigo
Infection
Trauma
Unexplained NeuroSymptoms or Deficit
Pre-Operative Planning –Stryker Brain, Post Op F/U
Brain pathology
Head Coil (Quad/HD Multi-Channel Array)
NV Array
Immobilization pads, straps and/or sponges
Ear Plugs
High Performance Gradients (EPI for DWI & Perf)
Power Injector for Perfusion Imaging 6ml/sec
Brain imaging equipment
Supine on the MRI Patient Table
Longitudinal Alignment Light Midline
Horizontal Alignment Light at Nasion/Glabella
Utilize a Variety of Pads, Sponges, Blankets etc. in an Effort to Make the Pt. as Comfortable as Possible and isolate them from any cables to avoid burns
No temperature catheters
remove ECG leads and med patches
Brain imaging pt position
3 Plane loc Centered to Anatomy in the Longitudinal and Horizontal Axis
ASSET Cal. Scan
SAG T1 FLAIR (SUPERIOR GREY/WHITE DIF) L TO R
AX DWI
AX T2 FSE FS
AX T1 FSE/FLAIR
AX T2 FLAIR
COR T2 FS
PRE AX T1 FSE FS
POST AX T1 FSE FS
POST COR T1 FSE FS
Brain scans
Pituitary
Temporal Lobes
IAC’s/Brain Stem for ALL Cranial Nerves
Orbits
ParanasalSinuses
small FOV brain imaging
Hyperprolactemia
Cushing’s Disease
Acromegaly
Hypopituitarism
Diabetes Insipidus
Dx’ingand Post SurgF/U of Pit adenomas
Pituitary pathology
Epilepsy/ Seizure disorders
Tumors
AVM
Leukodystrophies
Atrophic Processes
Measuring HippocampalVolume (Atrophy in Alzheimer’s/Schizophrenia
Signal changes within the Hippocampus and and Temporal lobes
Temporal lobes pathology
Acoustic Neuroma(Vestibular Schwannoma)
7thCranial Nerve
Facial Palsy/Numbness/Doop
HemifacialSpasm
Trigeminal Neuralgia
VERTIGO
NOT DIZZINESS
Posterior Fossa
IAC Indications/Pathology
Visual Disturbances
Diploplia
Blurred Vision
Proptosis(Forward protrusion)
Orbital / Ocular mass lesions
Retro-Orbital masses
Optic nerve lesions
Optic nerve Sheath Evaluation of lesions
Orbits… Indications/Pathology
Staging Neoplasms
Differentiating Neoplasmsfrom Inflammation
Headaches (Weak DX)
Boney Erosion due to Chronic untreated sinusitis
Abscess
Paranasal Sinuses –Indications/Pathology
Staging OropharyngealCarcinoma
Pharyngeal and parapharyngealmasses
Evaluation in Sleep Apnea
Abscess
Pharynx
Carcinoma of the Larynx
Reconstructive Assesment
Disorders of the Vocal Cords/Phonation Irregularities
Abscess
Larynx
Carcinoma
Detection of other Salivary Gland Masses
Salivary Duct Obstructions
Staging of Neoplasmsand Nodal Involvement
Salivary Glands
Suspected Internal MeniscalDerrangement
Lock Jaw
Post Surgical MeniscalEvaluation Due to Progressively Worsening Symptoms
Clicking and Popping
Limited Range of Motion
PAIN
TemporomandibularJoints (TMJ)
Thyroid Carcinoma
RetrosternalGoiter
Detecionand characterization of Parathyroid Adenoma
Thyroid & Parathyroid
temporal lobe scan coil
head coil
quadrature or multi-coil array
posterior fossa
internal auditory meatus
coil
head coil
quadrature or multi coil array
pituitary fossa
coil
head coil
quadrature or multi coil array
orbits coil
small surface coil for blobe and orbit
quadrature head or multi coil array
paranasal sinuses
coil
head coil
quadrature or multi coil array
pharynx
coil
anterior neck/volume neck coil for cervical nodal involvement
head coil
quadrature or phased array for pharyngeal area and base of skull
larynx coil
anterior neck coil
volume neck coil
thyroid/parathyroid coil
anterior neck coil
volume neck coil
parotid salivary glands coil
quadrature or multi array head coil
submandibular salivary glands coil
anterior neck coil
volume neck coil
temporomandibular joint coil
dual three inch coils
multi array TMJ coils
vascular imaging coil
quadrature or phased array head coil
optional protocols
SAG SE T1
AX SE/FSE T2
COR SE/FSE T1
COR 3D incoherent (spoiled) GRE T1
AX/COR IR-FSE T2
temporal lobe scans
SAG SE T1 or GRE T2
AX SE/FSE T1
AX SE/FSE T1 w/contrast
additional scans
COR SE/FSE T1 w wo contrast
3D incoherent (spoiled) GRE T1 w wo contrast
posterior fossa
internal auditory meatus
scans
AX FSE T2
COR FSE T2
3D T2 or GRE T2*
high res techniques for posterior fossa
internal auditory meatus
COR SE/FSE T1 w wo contrast
SAG SE/FSE T1 w wo contrast
3d INCOHERENT (SPOILED) GRE T1 w wo contrast
AX SE/FSE T1 w wo contrast
pituitary scans
SAG SE/FSE T1
AX SE/FSE T1 or T2
COR SE/FSE T2 or STIR
COR/AX SE/FSE T1
orbits scans
SAG SE T1
COR SE/FSE T1
AX SE/FSE T1
COR SE/FSE PD/T2
paranasal sinus scans
AX SE/FSE PD/T2
SAG SE?FSE PD/T2
pharynx scans
SAG SE/FSE T1/T2
AX SE/FSE T1
COR SE/FSE T1
AX/COR SE/FSE PD/T2
fast incoherent (spoiled) GRE/EPI T1
larynx scans
COR SE/FSE T1
AX/COR SE/FSE T1
AX/COR SE/FSE PD/T2
thyroid/parathyroid scans
SAG SE T1
COR SE/FSE T1
AX SE/FSE T1
AX SE/FSE PD/T2
SS-FSE/FSE T2
salivary glands scans
AX SE/FSE T1 mouth closed
SAG T1 mouth closed
SAG T1 mouth open
COR T1
SAG FSE/SS-FSE/EPI mouth opening and closing
3D incoherent (spoiled) GRE/FSE T1
TMJ scans
SAG SE T1 localizer
3D TOF or PC
vascular brain scans
D TOF-MRA
COR coherent GRE for localizer
AX 2D TOF-MRA thin slices
3D coherent GRE T2* if no MRA software
vascular neck scans
gadolinium enhancing lesions will show as hyperintense. can be extremely useful for demonstrating meningeal enhancement
both enhancing lesion and edema are well demonstrated
T2 FLAIR
provide excellent G/W contrast particularly in pediatric pt and for all pt when imaging at 3T
T1-IR
provide excellent G/W contrast as well as greatly reduced flow artefacts due to very short TE
Spoiled GRE
very useful particularly when imaging pts who are unable to remain motionless for extended periods of time
motion resuctoin techniques
PROPELLER
useful when very thin contiguous slices are required (imaging the IAC’s)
when acquired in an isotropic fashion image data may be retrospectively into multiple planes
3D or volume imaging
may be resuced by increasing the rcvr bandwidth
reducing slice thickness
avoiding GRE sequences when possible
metal artefacts from dental work
