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Psy 101 > Mod 2 > Flashcards

Mod 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

People perceive objects or events that have no external reality in a/an _______.

A

Hallucination

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2
Q

Which theory of dreaming, popularized by Freud, emphasizes internal conflicts, motives, and unconscious forces?

A

Psychodynamic dream theory

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3
Q

Which of the following refers to the parts of the nervous system outside of the brain and spinal cord?

A

Peripheral nervous system

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4
Q

Which of the following brain areas is responsible for movement, sense of self, and higher mental functions?

A

Frontal lobes

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5
Q

Psychophysics is the study of how the mind interprets the physical properties of _______.

A

Stimuli

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6
Q

What is the structure in the hindbrain involved in controlling coordination and balance called?

A

Cerebellum

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7
Q

Which one of the following is the name for a type of cell in the nervous system that transmits information?

A

Neuron

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8
Q

What kind of nerves carry sensory and motor messages in and out of the column that transmits information between the brain and the peripheral nervous system?

A

Spinal nerves

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9
Q

How is consciousness defined in the field of psychology?

A

The awareness of one’s internal thoughts and external surroundings

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10
Q

Which of the following involves obtaining additional information to check perceptions?

A

Reality testing

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11
Q

Describe the function of the following brain structures ● Brainstem

A

Relay Station. Made up of Pons and Medulla.

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12
Q

What is the Pons?

A

The pons, which looks like a small bump on the brainstem, acts as a bridge between the medulla and other brain areas. In addition to connecting with many other locations, including the cerebellum, the pons influences sleep and arousal. Various drugs, diseases, and injuries can disrupt the medulla and end or endanger life

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13
Q

What is the Medulla?

A

connects the brain with the spinal cord and controls vital life functions.

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14
Q

Which of the following is an enhanced X-ray image of the brain or body?

A

Computed tomographic (CT) scan

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15
Q

Which of the following would be most likely to cause the sympathetic nervous system to activate?

A

Holding your hand in ice water

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16
Q

If norepinephrine is released, which of the following systems is activated?

A

Sympathetic nervous system

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17
Q

If you experience a great deal of anxiety, which neurotransmitter might you be deficient in?

A

GABA

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18
Q

When your doctor taps your knee to see if your leg moves upward automatically, what type of bodily messaging is she looking for?

A

How your spinal cord produces a response without your brain

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19
Q

An individual is under the influence of drugs and can’t remember making plans to and actually robbing a bank. What brain region was affected?

A

Frontal lobes

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20
Q

Which of the following is a division of the nervous system that is activated when a baseball player attempts to hit a ball thrown by the pitcher?

A

Somatic

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21
Q

A person’s heart rate increasing during physical activity is an example of the activation of what nervous system?

A

Autonomic Neurons

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22
Q

After walking through a haunted house, the body returns to homeostasis through the activation of which nervous system?

A

Parasympathetic nervous system

23
Q

Since the day we are born, our brain is continuously learning as we observe and explore the world around us. The brain’s ability to engage in this process is known as _____.

A

neuroplasticity

24
Q

Scientists previously believed that as people aged they inevitably began to lose neurological functioning. However, recent studies show that adults can continually produce new brain cells through a process known as __________.

A

neurogenesis

25
Q

What do neuroplasticity and neurogenesis have in common?

A

Both are responses to a change in brain physiology

26
Q

What part of the CNS can function without the direct involvement of the brain?

A

Motor movements

27
Q

What would be the clearest demonstration of the flooding of Jesse’s potassium ions (K+) into the axions?

A

Jesse stops running for a moment.

28
Q

What activity would likely activate the sympathetic nervous system the most?

A

Weeping at a funeral

29
Q

What technique likely has the most potential for physical harm of the brain being studied?

A

Ablation

30
Q

Frances is an artist who has had damage to the right hemisphere of her brain. How will this likely affect her portrait of her father?

A

She will not paint his left eye.

31
Q

Jane was in a bike accident, not wearing a helmet. Now she has trouble producing language. What part of her brain was most likely damaged?

A

Broca’s area

32
Q

Gabrielle fell down the stairs and injured her head. What is the most likely symptom that would develop as a result of this injury?

A

She does not recognize her son.

33
Q

Karen wants to quit smoking, but she loves the way that inhaled nicotine makes her feel. Where in her brain is Karen’s pleasure processed?

A

The limbic system

34
Q

Which of the following statements represents current understanding of hearing loss?

A

By age 65, more than 40 percent of the ear’s hair cells will be gone, mainly those that transduce high pitches.

35
Q

Which of the following refers to sensory adaptation?

A

A decrease over time in sensory response to an unchanging stimulus

36
Q

Shelly, a movie critic, is so focused on an emotional scene in a movie that she forgets to continue her note taking for a subsequent review in a newspaper. She is most closely exhibiting which of the following?

A

Inattentional blindness

37
Q

Which of the following theories holds that odors are related to the shapes of chemical molecules?

A

Lock-and-key theory

38
Q

Which theory proposes that pain messages pass through neural portals in the spinal cord?

A

Gate control theory

39
Q

Which of the following is an example of shape constancy?

A

Viewing a page of a book from different angles

40
Q

Perceptual expectancies are frequently created by ________.

A

suggestion

41
Q

The tongue is covered with small protrusions called ________.

A

papillae

42
Q

Consider an experiment in which a squirrel, born and raised in a controlled environment, only displays horizontal stripes. When released into the wild, the squirrel will likely have difficulty:

A

detecting tree trunks.

43
Q

Which of the following is the best example of inattentional blindness?

A

While arguing with your father in the back seat as you drive, you run a red light.

44
Q

Which of the following experimental procedures would most likely devastate the color vision of the patient?

A

Destruction of approximately 10 million rods and 10 million cones

45
Q

If Abe stares at a picture of a yellow smiling face for 30 seconds, and then looks at a blank white paper, what will Abe most likely see?

A

A blue smiling face

46
Q

You may have seen a person hit his or her head on something hard, and then immediately begin to vigorously rub or scratch his or her head. Which of the following theories best explains why the person does this?

A

Gate control theory

47
Q

The scientific review process requires submission of “blinded” work in which the scientists’ names and identifying information are removed from the work before review. What is the most likely explanation for why this practice is used?

A

To decrease top-down processing

48
Q

You show two friends a picture of a rock snake, a snake whose coloring looks like rocks, hiding in a pile of rocks. Miguel only sees a picture of rocks, but Tami immediately sees the rock snake. Of the following, the best explanation is that:

A

Tami has experience with rock snakes.

49
Q

Consider a glass-bottom boat. One section is a wooden deck. The other section is glass so that tourists can see the ocean underneath. If a tourist brought onto the wooden decks his or her 3-month- old infant, who had just learned to crawl, and then called the infant over to the glass-bottom section to see the ocean floor beneath, what is the MOST likely outcome?

A

The infant would refuse to cross the glass section.

50
Q

Which of the following scenarios would be MOST challenging for someone with blindness in the left eye?

A

Throwing darts

51
Q

Which of the following scenarios BEST represents an ingrained pattern of organization and attention?

A

Saying “How are you” in response to the question “How are you?”

52
Q

According to the textbook, one study of eyewitness cases found that the wrong person was chosen from police lineups what percentage of the time?

A

25 percent

53
Q

The receptors for umami are most sensitive to which of the following?

A

Meat

Psy 101 (2 decks)

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