mod 10 Flashcards
what things play a role in the shock absorption in the spine
what appears to play more of a role
intervertebral disks
cancellous (spongy) bone appear to play more of a role because the bones fail first (usually sometimes??)
how does damage to spongy bone in lumbar spine occur form loading
repeated loading of 20-30% maximum load capacit for around 20,000 cycles
a compression fracture
spondylolisthesis (failure to posterior aspect of vert) causes vert to go where
anteriorly because of the forces acting on the posterior side. (lordosis)
what is the name for when a vert slips forwards compared to others
Spondylolisthesis
what happens to anatomy of spine during rotation and how it affects ability to handle load
annulus fibrosis has alternating directions of collagen fibres so when rotate, half of it resists the load and the other half relaxes therefore reducing ability to handle load in rotation.
What is the best way to give yourself a disk herniation (posterior)
what population is more likely to get
flexion and external load repeated many times or once rlly badly
the heavier the load, the less flexion cycles it will take
- even sitting jobs etc can increase the risk
more likely in younger populations because of extra fluid in spine
what is the Mackenzie protocol for disk herniation
series of extension exercises to drive the nucleus pulposus back into the centre of the disk.
name a possible mechanism for pain onset following a spine injury and why
- after degeneration of spine such as end plate, it will vascularize (forces acting on it before would not allow for veins and arteries to survive). this is the body trying to recover it with vessels
- this growth can also bring in inflammatory chemicals and nerve cells
- with this inflammation and nerve cells, the disk can now send pain signals it couldn’t before. Becomes pain sensitive and can be the root of chronic and non radiating back pain.
how are some of the spinal ligaments able to protect the spine from different forces (thing about fibre arrangemnt)
direction of fibres can prevent sheer in certain directions e.g. interspinal ligament resist posterior sheer
what happens to body ability to handle shear forces when back is flexed
line of action of iliocostalis and lonissimus change to no longer support against shearing forces
explain flexion relaxation phenomenon (spine)
when flex, get to point where erectors shut off (EMG) because ligament and tendon generate passive tendon to take force
what is mechanical low back pain
pain from actual part of back not from spine cord
how flexion relaxation change in ppl with mech low back pain?
muscles stay active during flexion (maybe to protect surrounding bones, ligaments etc.)
maybe even can be used to tell which patients have mech low back pain??
what is best for low back recovery
light exercise and movement NOT BED REST.
fluid can flow into disk and cause pressure with bed rest.
Be careful, sit ups can place a lot of compression in spine e.g.
