Mod 10

Question 1

What are the indications, and side effects of latanoprost?

Answer 1

Indications: glaucoma

Action: Lowers IOP by increasing aqueous humor outflow through relaxation of ciliary muscle

Side effects:
Stinging
Eyelash growth
Eye color change (increase iris pigmentation)
Normal IOP = 10-21

blurred vision, burning, stinging, conjunctival hyperemia, and punctate keratopathy

Question 2

What are the advantages and disadvantages of retinoids?

Answer 2

Advantages:
Unplug existing acne
Prevent new acne
Reduce inflammation of other topical agents
Reduce fine wrinkles, tactile roughness, and mottled hyperpigmentation in facial skin

Disadvantages:
Localized reactions
Blistering, peeling, crusting, burning, and edema of skin
Increased susceptibility to sunscreen
Itching, burning, dry skin
Increased risk of salicylate toxicity when salicylic acid is applied to trunk, back, or other locations besides the face

Question 3

What client teaching is needed when using sunscreens?

Answer 3

• Relationship between SPF and protection against sunburn is not linear (ex: SPF 30 does not protect you twice as much as SPF 15)
• All sunscreens protect against UVB radiation, but only some protect against UVA
• Broad spectrum sunscreen protects against BOTH
• Water and sweat resistant = they need to be reapplied
• Use a sunscreen with coverage against both UVB and UVA
• SPF should be at least 15
• Should be applied at least 30 minutes before going outdoors
• Reapplied after swimming or profuse sweating

Question 4

What are the side effects of medications for Acute Otitis Media (infection of middle ear)? What does antibiotic resistant AOM look like?

Answer 4

Side effects: possible allergic reaction, GI upset, superinfection (ex: oral candidiasis)

Antibiotic resistant AOM = symptoms persist for 2-3 days despite antibiotic therapy
-Major risk factors are day care attendance, age younger than 2 years, exposure to antibiotics in the past 1-3 months, and winter & spring seasons