Mocks Revision Flashcards
Ionising Radiation
(Include: the 3 types of radiation, their range in air, what they get absorbed by, penetrating power)
- Alpha
- Beta
- Gamma
Alpha Radiation
(Include: How ionising is it, where is it used, how many neutrons and electrons, where is it emitted from?)
- It is emitted from the nucleus
- It has 2 neutrons and 2 protons (relative mass of 4 … see pic below)
- It is strongly ionising because of their size
- It is used in smoke detectors by it ionising air particles causing a current to flow
- it will do the most harm if it goes inside your body (ingested)
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Beta Radiation
(Include: How ionising is it, where is it used, how many neutrons and electrons, where is it emitted from?)
- it is a fast-moving electron released from the nucleus
- Virtually no mass, and a charge of -1
- It is moderately ionising
- For every Beta particle emitted, a neutron in the nucleus has turned into a proton
- They are used to test the thickness of sheets of metal (the particles aren’t immediately absorbed by the material like alpha and gamma would go straight through them all because of it high penetrating power)
Gamma Rays
(Include: How ionising is it, where is it used, how many neutrons and electrons, where is it emitted from?)
- It is waves of electromagnetic radiation released by the nucleus
- It is least harmful to a human
- Travel long distance in air meaning that it is weakly ionising because they pass through rather than collide
- Uses of this is X-Rays for humans
Alpha and Beta decay
Ionisation
Any process in which atoms become charged
Irradiated
Exposure of an object to ionising radiation
How to calculate a Half-Life
Electric Circuits required Practical
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m_3JrA-sDEg
Resistance vs Length Of Wire - GCSE Science Required Practical
What is it like inside a plug?
(what do all the cables and colours mean?)
Specific Heat Capacity
Energy needed to raise the temperature of 1kg of a substance by 1oC
Specific Heat Capacity Example
(how to use it)
Give examples of how we generate electricity…
(Include: Examples and their pros and cons)
- Power Station: Coal, gas or oil is burned heating a boiler which makes steam, moving a turbine that turns an electricity generator
- Biofuels: any fuel taken from living/ dead living organisms… animal waste, methane… It is renewable and carbon neutral
- Nuclear Power: takes energy from atoms containing a positively charged nucleus
- Wind Power:
- Wave Power
- Hydroelectric Power
- Tidal Power
- Power from the sun
- Geothermal energy: comes from energy released by radioactive substances in the Earth
How is electricity Distributed?
Through the use of the National Grid which is a network of cables and transformers used to transfer electricity from power stations to the consumers.
With the use of step-up (electrical device used to step-up the size of an alternating potential difference) and step-down (Electrical device that is used to step-down the size of an alternating potential difference) transformers
How reliable is renewable energy resources?
How does solar water heating work?
Comparing Nuclear power and Fossil Fuel power
Nuclear Power vs Renewable energy resources…
