Mock stuff Flashcards
What are the conditions needed for the reaction of an alkene with hydrogen
60°C , nickel catalyst
What are the conditions needed for the reaction of an alkene with water?
450°C , High pressure , Phosphoric catalyst
What will happen to the equilibrium if I increase the temperature?
Endothermic reaction will take in excess heat
What will happen to the equilibrium if I decrease the temperature?
Exothermic reaction will release heat to restore the equilibrium
What will happen to the equilibrium if I increase pressure?
Equilibrium will shift to the side with fewer moles
What will happen to the equilibrium if I decrease pressure?
Equilibrium will shift to the side with more moles
What will happen to the equilibrium if I increase concentration of the products?
Equilibrium will shift to the side with more reactants
What will happen to the equilibrium if I decrease concentration of the products?
Equilibrium will shift more to the side of the products
What is a catalyst?
Speeds up the rate of reaction by providing an alternate pathway which requires less activation energy
What is the term ‘equilibrium’?
The rate of the forwards reaction is equal to the rate of the backwards reaction in a closed system
- What 2 functional groups are needed to make a polyester?
- What is the process called?
- hydroxyl groups (-OH) and carboxylic groups (-COOH)
- Condensation polymerisation
Predict and explain (using collision theory) the effect of increasing concentration?
- Increases the amount of particles in a given volume
- More frequent collisions ⇒ more successful collisions
- Increases rate of reaction
Predict and explain (using collision theory) the effect of increasing temperature?
- Particles have more kinetic energy ⇒ vibrate more
- Particles have more energy ⇒ more frequent and successful collisions
- Increase rate of reaction
Predict and explain (using collision theory) the effect using a catalyst?
- Using a catalyst provides an alternative pathway for the reaction ⇒ requires lower activation energy
- More successful collisions
- Speeds up the rate of reaction without using up the catalyst
Give one example of an ester
Ethyl ethanoate
What are the conditions required for the fermentation of yeast
25°C , sugars dissolved in water and mixed with yeast
Why are carboxylic acid weak? (in terms of ionisation and pH)
- Only partly ionise in solution
- Their solutions do not contain as many H+ ions compared to stronger acids
- Have a higher pH
