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BDS4 - 2nd Time Lucky > Mock SCR Dec 2023 - Ortho > Flashcards

Mock SCR Dec 2023 - Ortho Flashcards

1
Q

Purpose of study models

A

treatment planning
patient motivators
secondary opnionn
designing a removable appliance
to look at a persons occulsion

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2
Q

Advatantages of a URA

A

Tipping teeth
excellent anchorage
allows pt to remove and clean to maintain good OH
block movement
overbite reduction
less specailised training
cheaper
shorter chairside time

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3
Q

Disadvatanges of a URA

A

can easily be removed by the patient
can only move on or two teeth
less precise movement
cannot deal with rotations

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4
Q

Active compontent

A

what actually moves the tooth

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5
Q

Retention

A

resistance to displacment forces
speech
gravity
tongue
active component
mastication

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6
Q

Anchorage

A

the resistance to unwanted tooth movement

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7
Q

Baseplate

A

self cured PMMA
Connector and retention and anchorage

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8
Q

Removable appliance made of

A

Stainless steel composed of:
- iron - 72%
- Chromium - 18%
- Nickel - 8%
- Titatnium - 1.7%
- Carbon - 0.3%

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9
Q

Fitting a URA instructions

A

check the appliance design matches the design speicification for the patient
check the pt details matches the details of the appliance
run finger over the fitting surface to check for sharp edges
check the integrity of the wirework
place in the pts mouth and check for areas of blanching
activate the posterior retention - flyovers then arrowheads
active the anterior retention - flyovers then arrowheads
demo to the pt how to insert and remove the appliance
review the pt every 4-6weeks
activate the component

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10
Q

Patient info and instructions

A

remove the appliance if taking part in contact sports
the appliance may feel big and bulky to begin with
the patient may expereince excessive salivation
the appliance may impinge on speech
wear the appliance 24/7 including meal times
remove the appliance after every meal and clean with a soft bristle toothbrush
talk to pt about compliance and the requirement to attend appts
avoid hard and sticky foods
provide emergency details
may cause intital discomfort and pain

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11
Q

URA to retract 13 and 23

A

A - 13 23 palatal finger spring and guard 0.5mm HSSW
R - 16 26 adams clasps 0.7mm hssw and 11,21 southend clasps
A - good as only moving 2 tewth
B - self cured PMMA

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12
Q

URA to retract 13 and 23 and reduce OB

A

A - 13,23 palatal finger spring and guard 0.5mm HSSW
R - 16,26 adams clasps 0.7mm HSSW and 14 and 24 adams clasp 0.7mm HSSW
A - good as only moving 2 teeth
B - self cured pmma with flat anterior bite plane - OJ + 3mm

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13
Q

URA to correct anterior crossbite

A

A - z spring - 0.5mm HSSW
R - 16, 26, 14,24 Adams clasp 0.7mm HSSW
A - good as only moving 1 tooth
B - self cued PMMA with a Flat posterior bite plane

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14
Q

URA to retract buccally placed 13 and 23 and reduce OB

A

A - 13, 23 buccal canine retractor with 0.5mm HSSW and 0.5mm I.D tubing
R - 16, 26 adams clasps and 11,21 southend clasps
A - good as only moving 2 teeth
B - self cued PMMA - flat anterior bite plane - OJ + 3mm

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15
Q

URA to reduce OJ 21,22,11,21 and OB

A

A - roberts retractor 0.5mm HSSW and 0.5mm I.D tubing
R - 16,26 adams clasps and mesial stops on 13 and 23
A - good as short rooted teeth
B - self cured PMMA - flat anteiror bite plane - OJ +3mm

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16
Q

Expanding upper arch

A

A - midline palatal screw
R - 16, 26, 14,24 Adams Clasp 0.7mm HSSW
A - good as reciprocoal anchorage
B - self cured PMMA with a Flat posterioer bite plane

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17
Q

Class 2 div 1

A

when the lower incisors lie posterior to the cingulum plaeteu of the upper incisors
the upper incisors are proclined or of average value
the oj is increased
there is a narrow upper arch
digit or thumb sucking habit present lips incompteent with lip trap present

Accept, growth mod, camofloufage, orthognathic surgery if completed growth

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18
Q

Class 2 div 2

A

when the lower incisor edge lies behind to the cingulum plaeteu of the upper incisors
the upper incors are retroclined
oj is minimal or increased

upper laterals the cingulum can be reduced
the upper 2’s have mesiolabially rotation present and proclined

high lower lip line <FMPA and LAFH, lip trap

Accept, growth mod to get to class 2div 1, camoflauge, orthognathic surgery

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19
Q

Class 3

A

when the lower incisors lie anterior to the cinglum plaeatu of the upper incisors
the upper incisors are procline and lowers are retroclined
the oj is reversed

can casues tmj issues, ging recession, asymmetry, speech probs, asethetics

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20
Q

How to assess the anterior posterior position

A

have the frankfort plane horizontal to the floor and palpate the skeletal bases
by the use of a lateral ceph

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21
Q

Purpose of URA

A

habit breaker
expand the upper arch
anchroage
tipping teeth
space maintaner
reduce overbite

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22
Q

Andrews 6 keys

A

class 1 molar and incisor relationships
tight approximal contacts with no contacts or rtoations
from the canines posterior slight lingual inclination
flat occlusal plane or slight curve of spee
long axis of tooth with mesial inclination

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23
Q

Types of anchorage

A

simple
compound
reciprocal
absolute
conical (quadhelix, palatal arch with nance button, transpalatal arch)

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24
Q

Function of quadhelix

A

bilateral expansion
habit breaker
for cleft lip and palate
fan expansion
aymmetrical expansion
rotation of molars

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25
Q

Relapse most prone in

A

AOB
crowding
rotations
midline diastema
ectopic canines

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26
Q

OJ

A

the horizontal distance between the labial surface of the upper incisors and the labial surface of the lower incisors

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27
Q

OB

A

the vertical overlap between the upper and ower teeth - usually 50% 1/3rd

28
Q

Crossbite

A

when the lower arch lie outside the position of the upper teeth
the buccal cusp of the lower teeth lie more buccally than the buccal cusp of the upper teeth

29
Q

Anterior open bite

A

no vertical overlap present between the upper and lower incisor teeth

30
Q

Causes of AOB

A

endogenous tongue thrust
low labial frenum
digit or thumb sucking
supernumuerary present
class 3 malocclusion
cerbral palsy

31
Q

Assess the vertical pattern

A

by the upper anterior face height:lower anterior face height (glabella:subnasale - subnasale:menton)

by the FMPA - the frankfort - porion to orbitale and the mandibular - the gonion to menton

32
Q

Assess the transverse position

A

TMJ and symmtery checked

33
Q

Soft tissues

A

lips - competent/incompetent
lip trap present
TMJ
asyymetry
nasioloabial angle
tooth showing
lip trap present

34
Q

Intra oral look for

A

eruption of teeth
OH
Perio
Centrelines
Incisor relationship
Molar relationship
missing teeth
crowding present
supernumerary teeth
AOB
OJ
OB
upper incisoros - proclined etc
rotation
crossbites present

35
Q

Retained primary teeth causes

A

absent successor
ectopic tooth/canine
dilacerated succesor
infraocclued primary tooth

36
Q

Most common infraocculuded tooth

A

in the manidble and the lower D
mandble>maxilla

37
Q

Tx for an infraoccluded tooth

A

if absent premanent then can maintain or xla with band and loop on 6’s and can have distal stiops on 4’s

if present permanenet then can xla when contacts go subging or when root formation complete on the the permanent tooth

38
Q

When is the best time to carry out an XLA of a molar tooth?

A

at calcification of bifurcation of the 2nd molar starting to calcify
usually around 8.5-9.5 years

39
Q

What is the incidiences of missing upper lateral incisors?

A

2%

40
Q

What is the most common missing tooth type

A

lower 3rd molars
lower premolars
upper laterals

41
Q

What are the indications for a lateral ceph

A

to aid diagnosis
treatment planning
progress monitoring

42
Q

When is a CBCT carried out

A

for cleft lip and palate ts
orthognathic cases
impacted teeth and resoprtion/ adj to each other
view of sturcture anomalie

43
Q

Tests for infra occluded teeth

A

palpation
mobility
sound/percussion
radiographs

44
Q

Casues of impacted 1st molars

A

eruption cysts
long path of insertion
crowding
small maxilla

45
Q

What do you check with impacted 1st molars

A

check mobiiligy of E’s
can cause pulpitis of E’s or premature exfoliation of E’s

46
Q

Anterior cross bite

A

palpate canines at 9years

47
Q

Issues with anterior cross bite

A

ging recession
tooth erosion
speech and aesthetics
displacement on closure
mobiligy lower incisors

48
Q

How to manage an anterior cross bite

A

URA with a zpring or Tspring if premolar/molar

49
Q

Causes of an anterior open bite

A

presence of supernumarary
digit sucking
low frenum
delayed eruption
underlying skeletal discrepancy
disabilities - cerebral palsy
tongue thrust

50
Q

What measurement do you carry out orthgnathic surgery for an anterior open bite?

A

> 4mm

51
Q

Ectopica canines intra oral

A

palpate buccal and palatal to see if can feel the permanenet successor
check mobility and colour of primary canine
positin of lateral incisors
mobility of lateral incisors

52
Q

What investigations to carry out for an ectopic canine

A

OPT and anterior maxilla occlusal
or
2PA’s
CBCT

53
Q

Causes of an ectopic canine

A

long path of eruption
genetic link
crowding
ectopic position of tooth germ

54
Q

Tx for an ectopic canine

A

if you leave the canine it risks root resoprtion of lateral incisors, resorption of canine crown
ankylosis of erupted canine
loss of primary canine

Surgical - when the canine is not deemed alignable - this can be when the canine is too high in the apical 1/3rd of incisor root
too close to midline or>55 degress to midsggital plane

Removable appliance to correct overbite

autotransplantation when the malpostion of the tooth is too muc for orth alignment
no anklyosis present on canine
if the patient requires quicker tx

55
Q

Risks of ortho

A

relapse
soft tissue trauma
decalcification
root resoprtion
loss of perio support
toothwear
allergy
loss of vitiality
ulceration
headgear truama

56
Q

Types of retention

A

Hawley retainer
thermoplastic retainer
fixed retatiner

57
Q

Advantages and dis of fixed retainer

A

Adv - compliance, anesthetics, non invasive, done chairside and cheap

Dis - poor OH, does not incorporate all teeth, etching damages the teeth, 50% fail

58
Q

Adv and dis of hawley

A

Adv - removable so OH good, incoporates all teeth, strong, allows occusal setting, minor tooth movement

Dis - removable so pt complaince, speech issues, aesthetis, expensive and time consuming to make, invasive on tongue

59
Q

Adv and dis of thermoplastic

A

Adv - aesthetics, less invasive, all teeth, OH good, cheaper, easier to make

Dis - non resilant, does not allow occlusal setting, complaicne, easily lost, distorted with heat

60
Q

Supernumary teeth common in

A

anterior region and males more than females,
gardener syndrome
children with cleft lip
celdocredial dysplasia

61
Q

Functional applaince indications

A

average or reduced FMPA
uncrowded arches
lower incisors upright or retroclined
mild to mod class 3

62
Q

How does a functional applaince work?

A

enhancment of mandibular growth by movement of the mandibular condyle out of fossa, promoting growth of the condylar cartilage, and forward migration of the glenoid fossa

63
Q

What does the AP position measure?

A

The overjet

64
Q

What does the vertical position obtain

A

overbite - if behind the occipiut then a reduced FMPA

65
Q

Transverse position

A

for centre lines and occlusion

66
Q

what to look for in an I/O exam for ortho

A

caries
perio
OH
Missing teeth
dentition type

67
Q
A

BDS4 - 2nd Time Lucky (3 decks)

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