Mock Exam 4 Flashcards
Maximum dorsiflexion occurs during which phase of gait? A. heel off b. toe off c. acceleration d. mid-swing e. push-off
Heel off
A single cycle of gait is defined as the time…
a. from heel off of one foot to heel off of the other.
b. from heel off of one foot to push off of the same foot.
c. from heel off of one foot to heel strike of the other.
d. from heel off of one foot to heel off of the same foot.
e. from contralateral reciprocation of the forefoot weight time.
from heel off of one foot to heel off of the same foot.
During which phase of gait are the hip extensors most active?
a. mid-stance
b. heel-strike to foot flat
c. push to midswing
d. aceleration
e. foot flat to mid-stance
heel-strike to foot flat
At what phase of gait is medial lateral stability of the knee most important?
a. midswing
b. acceleration
c. mid-stance
d. foot flat
e. free fall
Mid-stance
In measuring for a quadrilateral brim, what is the most important measurement?
a. inguinal ligament to posterior
b. medial lateral and base scarpa triangle
c. anteroposterior and horizontal projection of scarpa triangle
d. thigh circumference divided by 2 plus 1.5 inch
e. anteroposterior and medial lateral.
anteroposterior and medial lateral.
What comprises the scarpa triangle?
a. sartorius, rectus femoris, inguinal ligament
b. sartorius, adductor magnus, inguinal ligament
c. sartorius, femoral artery, rectus abdominus
d. sartorius, inguinal ligament, adductor longus
e. anterior, lateral, proximal thigh
sartorius, inguinal ligament, adductor longus
What is the best position for managing the chronically dislocating gleno-humeral joint?
a. internally rotated and flexed slightly
b. abducted and internally rotated
c. abducted and externally rotated
d. abducted to at least 70 degrees
e. abducted to 50 degrees and compressed
abducted and internally rotated
The oblique diameter of a patients malleoli is 3 5/8 in (90mm). What should the inside dimension of the ankle joints be?
a. 3 7/8 (96mm)
b. 4 1/16 (101mm)
c. 3 15/16 (99mm)
d. 4 1/4 (106mm)
e. 4 3/16 (105mm)
4 1/16 (101mm)
A hemiplegic patient presents with zero hip extensors, fair quadriceps, zero calf. Which of the following would you recommend?
a. HKAFO
b. KAFO
c. AFO with dorsiflexion assist
d. AFO with plantarflexion restraint
e. no recommendation
KAFO
a 20 year old female patient presents with flaccid anterior compartment and M/L instability in her right lower limb. Which of the following would you recommend?
a. conventional AFO with dorsiflexion restraint
b. polypropylene AFO with trim anterior to the malleoli
c. conventional AFO with gerdmore mechanism.
polypropylene AFO with trim anterior to the malleoli
Which muscle most closely duplicates the function of the anterior tibialis?
a. posterior tibialis
b. peroneus longus
c. extensor digitorium
d. peroneus tertius
e. extensor hallicus longus
extensor hallicus longus
Which of the following is a contraindication for a spiral AFO?
a. peripheral nerve type of injury
b. weak hip flexors
c. edema with frequent volume changes
d. mild spasticity
e. guillain-Barre
edema with frequent volume changes
Why is a Milwaukee brace carefully molded superior to the iliac crests?
a. assist in reducing lordosis
b. assist in pelvic derotation
c. to avoid bony landmarks
d. prevent distal migration
e. cosmesis
prevent distal migration
What level of paraplegia seldom gets braced?
a. C5
b. T6
c. T12
d. L1
e. L5
L5
Bunnell (cock-up) splints are frequently used for…
a. quadriplegia
b. burns
c. hemiplegia
d. trauma
e. arthritis
e. arthritis
What structure assists the deltoid in glenohumeral abductions?
a. latissimus dorsi
b. rhomboid
c. rotator cuff
d. pectoralis minor
e. coracobrachialis
rotator cuff
An orthotic patient’s wrist is positioned in ulnar deviation and flexion. You should try to reposition the patient’s wrist…
a. in slight radial deviation
b. in 30 degrees extension
c. in slight flexion
d. in slight flexion and slight radial deviation
e. in slight flexion, maintain ulnar deviation.
in 30 degrees extension
which of the following is often the result of an irregular birth?
a. Gower’s sign
b. Down syndrome
c. schmorl’s nodes
d. erb’s palsy
e. heterotopic ossification
erb’s palsy
Which of the following is an inflammation of the outer covering of the spinal cord and/or brain.
a. cerebral palsy
b. tuberculosis
c. melanoma
d. meningitis
e. pleuritis
meningitis
What is the primary target organ in rheumatoid arthritis?
a. bone
b. cartilage
c. synovium
d. ligaments
e. collagen
synovium
Which of the following best describes a small lubricant filled sac which if removed results in an increase in friction?
bursa
In an LSO what is the superior margin of the paraspinal bars?
a. the inferior angle of the scapula
b. one inch inferior angle of the scapula
c. the spine of the scapula
d. T7
e. halfway between the inferior angle and spine of the scapula
one inch inferior angle of the scapula
What is the superior margin of the paraspinal bars in a Taylor TLSO?
a. L1
b. spine of the scapula
c. inferior angle of scapula
d. halfway between spine and inferior angle of scapula
e. superior angle of the scapula
spine of the scapula
What is the preferred position for fitting a hyperextension TLSO (Jewitt type)?
a. prone
b. supine
c. sitting
d. standing
e. standing with knee flexed 20-30 degrees.
supine
The superior portion of Milwaukee CTLSO should be carefully fabricated so as to…
a. avoid excessive pressure on the chin
b. avoid excessive pressure on the mandibular angle
c. avoid excessive pressure on the xyphoid process
d. avoid excessive pressure on the ulnar styloid
e. maintain distraction of the cervical spine
avoid excessive pressure on the chin
In an attempt to restore upper limb function to a C5 complete quadriplegic, which orthosis should you recommed?
a. WHO
b. WHO c-bar
c. HO
d. WDWHO
e. WHO with externally powered wrist and/or prehension
WHO with externally powered wrist and/or prehension
In an attempt to restore upper limb function to a C6 complete quadriplegic, which orthosis should you recommend?
a. WHO
b. WHO c-bar
c. HO
d. WDWHO
e. WHO with externally powered wrist and/or prehension
WDWHO
For a median nerve injury at the wrist which is the most appropriate orthosis?
a. WHO
b. HO
c. WHO with c-bar
d. WHO with thumb post
e. HO with thumb post
HO with thumb post
What structure is at the distal end of the humerus?
a. olecrenon
b. capitate
c. coronoid
d. epiphysis
e. epicondyle
epicondyle
Primary function of the brachioradialis is…
a. gleno-humeral flexion
b. elbow flexion
c. elbow flexion and forearm supination
d. gleno-humeral flexion and elbow flexion
elbow flexion and forearm supination
The secondary function of the biceps brachii is…
a. pronation
b. supination
c. gleno-humeral extension
d. elbow protraction
e. gleno humeral adduction
supination
The primary function of the brachialis is... a. supination b. pronation c. elbow flexion d. elbow flexion and supination e elbow flexion and pronation
elbow flexion
In addition to the deltoid, the axillary nerve innervates the…
a. pronator teres
b. teres major
c. supraspinatus
d. teres minor
e. rhomboids
teres minor
Which of the following compliments the deltoid in performing glenohumeral abduction? a rotator cuff b. triangular ligament c. subclavius d. pectoralis major-clavicular head e. levator scapulae
rotator cuff
Which of the following is a contraindication for a plastic AFO?
a. weak dorsiflexors
b. subtalor instability
c. flaccid peroneus tertius
d. weak calf
e. deep peroneal nerve injury
flaccid peroneus tertius
Which orthosis would you recommend to a mid-humerus fracture which included injury to the radial nerve?
a. WHO with wrist flexion assist
b. WHo with thumb extension assist
c. WHO with thumb extension and finger extension assist
d. WHO with wrist, thumb, and finger extension assist
e. HO with thumb and finger extension assist
WHO with wrist, thumb, and finger extension assist
Which best describes the purpose of the thumb post?
a. positioning for lateral prehension
b. positioning circumduction
c. adduction stop
d. abduction stop
e. positioning for palmar prehension
positioning for palmar prehension
In picking up an object from a table what is the best position for the wrist?
a. 5 degrees flexion
b. 10 degrees extension
c. 35 degrees flexion
d. 30 degrees extension
e. 10 degrees flexion with 15 degrees ulnar deviation
35 degrees flexion
Which of the following does not contribute to spinal extension?
a. erector spinae
b. quadratus lumborum
c. levator scapulae
d. lateral abdominus obliques
e. latissimus dorsi
lateral abdominus obliques
Which of the following best describes the orthotic objective of the UCBL FO?
a. compress talo-navicular joint
b. align midtarsal articulation
c. redirect metatarsal forces over larger area
d. diminish calcaneus ML instability
e. limit sagittal motion of calcaneus
diminish calcaneus ML instability
A patient wearing a Dennis brown orthosis exhibits undesirable eversion, you should…
a. contour the crossmember concave to the patent to pronate the feet
b. contour the crossmember convex to the patient to pronate the feet
c. contour the crossmember concave to the patient to supinate the feet.
d. contour the crossmember convex to the patient to supinate the feet.
e. contour the sidebar to promote inversion.
contour the crossmember convex to the patient to supinate the feet.
Which of the following is the best means to accomodate valgus in a patients lower limb? a extend the medial stirrup extension b. extend the lateral stirrup extension c. medial wedge d. scaphoid pad e. slight internal rotation in orthosis
extend the medial stirrup extension
Which muscle flexes the middle phalanx?
a. flexor communis
b. flexor digitil brevis
c. flexor digitorum profundus
d. flexor digiturum sublimis
e. flexor palmaris
flexor communis
Abduction and adduction occurs in the…
a. sagittal plane
b. coronal plane
c. transverse plane
d. horizontal plane
e. oblique plane
coronal plane
Abduction and adduction occurs in the hand at the…
a. carpal-metacarpal joint
b. carpal phalangeal joint
c. metacarpal-phalangeal joint
d. proximal interphalangeal
e. distal interphalangeal joint
metacarpal-phalangeal joint
Loss of the opponens pollicis is the result of an injury to the…
a. median nerve
b. axillary nerve
c. radial nerve
d. ulnar nerve
e. carpus nerve
median nerve
The primary purpose of a C-bar is…
a. opponens assist
b. opponens stop
c. adduction stop
d. abduction stop
e. abduction assist
adduction stop
The distal edge of the C-bar should…
a. fall 3mm (1/8in) proximal to the nail bed
b. fall 3mm (1/8in) distal to the nail bed
c. cover the planus articularis
d. extend just distal to the pollicis IP
e. extend just proximal to the pollicis IP
extend just proximal to the pollicis IP
The superior surface of the atlas articulates with the…
a. odontoid process
b. axis
c. C1
d. biceptal articularis
e. mandibular angle
odontoid process
Spondylolisthesis is a condition best described as…
a. anterior displacement of SI with respect to L5
b. pars articulares fracture
c. superior facet subluxation
d. anterior displacement of L5 with respect to S1
e. lateral-anterior migraton of L5-S1 disc.
anterior displacement of L5 with respect to S1
In order to treat kyphosis with a Milwaukee TLSO the pads should be placed…
a. anteriorly
b. posteriorly
c. 2 ribs below lateral curve
d. 2 ribs above the lateral curve
e. laterally 2cm below the scoliotic apex
posteriorly
The optimum hip angle of the patient during casting for a Milwaukee TLSO is…
a. hyperextension
b. full extension
c. slight flexion
d. flexion commensurate with minimum lordosis
flexion commensurate with minimum lordosis
The pelvic band for an LSO or TLSO should…
a. overlap the greater trochanters
b. fall just distal to the greater trochanter
c. be fitted superior (3mm) to the iliac crest
d. lie halfway between the inferior costal margin and the iliac crest
e. lie halfway between the iliac crest and the greater trochanter.
lie halfway between the iliac crest and the greater trochanter.
The axis of rotation of the hip joint can be located…
a. anterior/posterior to the greater trochanter
b. anterior/superior to the greater trochanter
c. posterior/superior to the greater trochanter
d. anterior/inferior to the greater trochanter
e. posterior/inferior to the greater trochanter.
anterior/superior to the greater trochanter