Mock 2 Flashcards
which cancers a/w hypercalcaemia?
breast, lung, multiple myeloma (bone mets)
symptoms a/w electrolye disturbance in EDs
hypokalaemia - muscle weakness/cramps, fatigue
metabolic alkalosis - confusion, tremor, twitch, nausea, numbness
what is athetosis?
slow WRITHING movements of limbs (different to chorea which is quicker and more lurching)
movement disorder predominantly affecting lower limbs without tremor. difficulty in INITIATING movement predominates
normal pressure hydrocephalus
Chemical classes of antipsychotic FGA
Phenothiazines (aliphatic) - chlorpromazine
Phenothiazines (piperidine) - thioidazine
Butyrophenone - haloperidol
Thioxanthenes - flupenthixol, zuclopenthixol
Chemical classes of antipsychotic SGA
dibenzodiazepine - clozapine
dibenzothiazepine - quetiapine
thienobenzodiazepine - olanzapine
benzoxasoles - risperidone
substituted benzamide - (ami)sulpiride
arylpiperidylindone (quinolone) - aripiprazole
which antipsychotic binds to D1R
olanzapine
which cells use glutamate as a neurotransmitter
- pyramidal cells
- granular cells
- purkinje cells
- interneurons
what are chandelier cells?
GABAergic cortical interneurons
which cell conveys motor signals from cortex to spinal cord?
pyramidal
episodic vs declarative (explicit) memory?
episodic is serial events in time form we can construct actual events, has emotional change
declarative fact based eg what did you have for breakfast rather than tell me about your breakfast as a story
changes in extraversion, neuroticism, and psychoticism with age?
all decrease in men and women
conservation what is it and what stage of piaget?
water volumes in different shaped glasses
concrete operational
object constancy subphase of Mahlers?
2 years - 5 years
changes in matter in brain during adolescence
decrease in grey and increase in white matter
in strange situation (ainsworth) how many separation and reunion episode?
2 separation 2 reunion
duration of puberty in boys?
2-3 years (2.4 yrs avg)
duration of puberty in girls?
1.9 years avg
duration of puberty range in both sexes
2-3 years
time telling ability of children
4-5 (reception) - to hour
5-6 (year 1) - half hour
6-7 (year 2) - quarter hour
late onset schizophrenia characteristics?
predominance females
fewer negative symptoms
infrequent FTD
prominent hallucination (notably visual)
highest lvel of attention?
alternating
applied pressure in which exposure therapy?
for blood-needle-injury (collapsing) phobia
what does motivational interviewing aim to increase?
cognitive dissonance
