Mobilization WW2 Flashcards
War Production Board
Convert factories from luxuries good to war goods; distributed raw material.
1. Stop production of consumer goods like computers, typewriters, clothes
2. Priorities were given to factories that made war goods.
3. Caused shortages of raw materials and many goods such as Nylon, rubber, glass, metals etc.
Same shift to war goods.
the same war production board and just the same as WWI
Selective Training and Service Acts
Required all males aged 20 to 36 to register for the military (the draft).
1. Increase federal government spending from From 2,000,000 to 10,000,000,000 on army.
2. Lead to more job openings because men were sent away,
3. About 16 million men were sent to army
Sim/diff?
Same exact law from World War I
Both increased cost of war
WWII had more men in WW1. 4 million to 16 million.
Office of War Mobilization
Centralized war efforts - basically tell other Econ. War agencies what to do.
1. Oversee problems of products, resources, labor.
2. “Cost-plus” system - paid companies cost of making goods plus percent for profits.
3. Got companies like Ford to make war goods - cars to “liberty ships” plus bombers.
Difference world war one had several admins not just head organization.
National War Labor Board
Prevents strikes/mediate conflicts between companies and workers.
1. nearby end issue of unemployment.
2. Wages up by 50%.
3. Numbers of workers union membership went up to 1.5 million.
Helped by the NWLB , CIO formed in this period to organize all workers in an industry ( skilled or unskilled )
Similarity? the exact same thing and effects of WW1- national war labor Board
Office of Price Administration
Control inflation by limiting prices and rents.
1. Cause companies to reduce products- not as much profit.
2. Not entirely successful - cost of living still up.
3. Enforce rationing because of its shortage. (coupons only need what you need and that’s it)
Similarity? both expensive to pay for cost-of-living but WW1 more extreme (food & fuel administration)
Office of War Information
Spread propaganda for WW.
1. Hired artists to create pro-allies propaganda.
2. Encourage people to follow guidelines by WPB, OPA, NWLB- war efforts.
3. Created posters, ads, articles, movies, films.
4. Support Victory Gardens
“Why We Fight” The biggest propaganda film.
same as committee for public Information in world war one
War Refugee Board
Save those threatned by Nazis Jews.
1. Estimated in January 1944.
2. Saved over 200 K lives only 1K were Jews.
3. Not all refugees came to US; help them escaped other European places; save jobs for America so we do not go into a another Great Depression.
Difference no refugee agency in WWW1 because there was no need.
Office of Scientific Research and Development
Advanced war technology.
1. Help to create new weapons like bazooka ,antitank
2. In charge of “Manhattan Project” created atomic bombs. (We’re covert missions no one knew about it not even wife’s And family members of husbands/men workers knew not even VP knew when Pres. died)
3. Discovered penicillin (antibiotics)
Different because no wars weapons development agency in WW1. they went from machine guns to atomic bombs.
Biggest Similarities
– Use of propaganda persuaded people to join the army
– Movement of African-Americans and woman into the factories are results of the draft.
– Saving as a key to war effort
– Essentially same agency
Biggest Differences
– They have WRB in office of scientific research and development.
– More formed/Forced saving. less voluntary compliance
Mobilization
To prepare and organized for active service ; often encourage people to be ready for War.
Mobilization
To prepare and organized for active service ; often encourage people to be ready for War.
