MOA

Question 1

Cardiac glycoside

Ex:digoxin

Answer 1

Blocks the sodium potassium ATPase enzyme that makes the sodium potassium pump work

Increasing calcium levels and causing more forceful contraction of the heart

+ inotropic, - chronotropic

Question 2

ACE Inhibitors

Ex: lisinopril

Answer 2

Inhibits angiotensin converting enzyme from converting to angiotensin II

Decreases blood pressure, risk of death after myocardial infarction, and increases water retention

Question 3

Corticosteroids

Ex: prednisone

Answer 3

Mimics the effects of natural adrenal hormones by increasing capillary permeability

Decreases inflammation, allergies, and arthritis

NOTE: Steroidal

Question 4

Adrenergic bronchodilators

Ex: albuterol, epinephrine

Answer 4

Dilates the bronchioles by a direct action of the beta-2 adrenoreceptors on the bronchial smooth muscle and relax the muscle

Increases airway and flow of oxygen in the alveoli

Question 5

Nitrates

Ex: nitroglycerin

Answer 5

Dilates the coronary artery’s causing vasodilation

Increases flow of blood and oxygen to the heart

Question 6

Opioids

Ex: hydrocodone

Answer 6

Binds to opioid receptors in the CNS, spinal cord, or G.I. tract to decrease pain perception from prostaglandins

Question 7

Acetaminophen

Answer 7

(Anti-prostaglandin antipyretic analgesic)

Inhibits synthesis of prostaglandins

Decreases pain and fever

Question 8

Colace

Answer 8

Retains water within the intestines providing softer stool to decrease constipation

Question 9

Potassium depleting diuretics

Loop diuretics

Answer 9

Inhibits sodium and potassium reabsorption in the kidneys, in the loop of Henle

Increases urinary output and decreases blood pressure mainly for heart failure

Question 10

Potassium depleting diuretic

thiazides

Answer 10

Inhibits sodium chloride and potassium reabsorption in the kidneys, in the distal consulates tubules

causing increased urinary output
And decrease blood pressure

Mainly used for hypertension and edema

Question 11

Beta blockers

Answer 11

Inhibits the hormones epinephrine by blocking beta adrenergic receptors

Decreases blood pressure and heart rate

Question 12

Sulfonylureas

Answer 12

Increases insulin release from beta cells in the pancreas

to decrease glucose

Question 13

Penicillins

Answer 13

Inhibits final step in cell wall synthesis resulting in Cell death

Question 14

Cephalosporins

Answer 14

Binds to bacterial cell wall membranes causing cell death

Question 15

Potassium chloride

Answer 15

Maintains acid-base balance, Isotonicity and electrophysiologic balance of the cell

Increases potassium levels

Question 16

Levothroxyine

Answer 16

Synthetic T4 that supplies T4 to the pituitary gland

Increasing T4 and decreasing TSH

Question 17

Calcium channel blocker’s

Answer 17

Blocks voltage gated calcium channels to inhibit the influx of calcium ions into cardiac and smooth muscle cells

Decreases blood pressure and chest pain by vasodilation

Question 18

Potassium sparing diuretic

Answer 18

Inhibits sodium channels and blocks the aldosterone in the kidneys getting rid of sodium and water but promoting increase of potassium

Increases sodium excretion, decreases potassium excretion