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STEP 2 CS > MNEMONICS > Flashcards

MNEMONICS Flashcards

1
Q

HPI (history of present illness)

A

LIQ OR AAA
L Location of the symptom (forehead, wrist…)
I Intensity of the symptom (scale 1-10, 6/10)
Q Quality of the symptom (burning, pulsating pain…)
O Onset of the symptom + precipitating factors
R Radiation of the symptom ( to left shoulder and arm)
A Associated symptoms ( palpitations, shortness of breath)
A Alleviating factors (sitting with my chest on my knees)
A Aggravating factors (effort, smoking, large meals)

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2
Q

PMH (past medical history)

A

PAM HUGS FOSS

P- Previous presence of the symptom (same chief complaint)
A-Allergies (drugs, foods, chemicals, dust …)
M- Medicines (any drugs the patient used)

H- Hospitalization for any illness in the past
U- Urinary changes ( esp if diabetic, elderly…)
G- Gastrointestinal complains (diet changes, bowel movements…)
S Sleep pattern (waking up/going to sleep…)
F- Family history (similar chief complaints/serious illness)
O- OB/GYN history (LMP, abortions, para…)
S- Sexual habits (active/preferences/STD…)
S- Social life (job/house/smoking/alcohol…..)

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3
Q

Differential diagnosis checklist

A

DIRECTION:

Drugs
Infection
Rheumatologic
Endocrine
Cardiovascular
Trauma
Inflammatory
Other
Neoplasm
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4
Q

Social History

A

TIA SHOE:
T- Tobacco

I- Illicit drigs

A- Alcohol

S- Sexual

H- House life

O- Occupation

E- Eating (diet), Exercise, TravEling, pEt

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5
Q

PEDIATRICS HISTORY

A

F E V E R C U D Seizure +
P A M I F B I G D E A L S.

FEVER- Fever, Ear pulling, Vomiting, Ear discharge,eyes discharge, Rash,

CUD- Chest symptoms n Cold-runny nose,cough,chest painfast respirations,shortness of breath, Urination-any increased or decreased urination, no. of wet diapers,any odour,colour of urine, Diarrhea-frequency, onset, mucus in stool,blood in stool,any cryin during defecation ,

Seizure-any jerky movements,any leakage of urine or stool during fits,ant post ictal irritability,or loss of consciousness.

PAM - P-Past medical,past surgical hx, previous hospitalizations. A-Allergies, M-Medications,

IF I-Ill contacts, F -family history,

BIG -B- birth hx, I-Immunizations, G-Growth n development,ht,wt,milestones.

DEALS- Day care, E-Eating habits,feeding of da baby, A-Appetite, L-Look of tha baby or appearance, S- Sleep

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6
Q

Pre-menopausal symptoms

A

HAVOC

H- hotflahes
A-atropy of vagina
V-vaginal dryness
O- osteoporosis
C- coronary artery diseases
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7
Q

Depression

A

SIGE M CAPS

S-sleep
I-interest
G-guilt,gun
E-energy
M-mood
C-concentration
A-appetite
P-psycomotor
S-suicide
want to add few more to these.......
M- mood ( already in list )
D - Delusion / hallucination
M - memory
A- attitude towards life ( positive negative frame of mind)
T - thyroid dysfunctions

also need to ask —– do u realize that u have problem ?????

and do u want help ??????
( if patient was sent or asked by anyone to consult doc )

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8
Q

Fatigue

A 
IMP ADH
I- infection
M- malignancy
P- PTSD
A- abuse
D- depression
H- hypothyroidism
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9
Q

Discharges

A

FOR all Discharges…. including Diarrhoea,Cough ……………ACCOD

A-amount
C -consistency
C- color
O- odor
D- duration
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10
Q

Spousal abuse

A 
SAFEGARD
S- Safety @ home
A- Afraid of Hubby?
F- Family ? Friends aware ?
E- Emergency plan?
G- Gun @ home?
A- Alcohol?
R- Relationship with Hubby?
D- Drugs? Depression ?
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11
Q

Insomnia counselling

A

ABCDEFGHJKLMN

A- Avoid
B- Bedtime
C- Concerns (worries)
D- Drugs (nicotine/caffeine/Alcohol)
E- Exercise/Excitement (TV Shows)

F- Follow Good Habits for sleep.
J- Jetlag
K- Keep List (Diary)
Monitor Naps (day time)

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12
Q

Enuresis Counseling

A 
SMILE SAM
Supportive (of the child)
Monitor Intake (@ Day)
Limit (@ Night)
Encourage Washroom( @ bedtime)
Sheets ( Rubber flannel sheets)
Alarms ( >5yrs )
Motivate (thru Rewards)
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13
Q

Counseling DM & HTN

A 
MEDOWS
Medications (regularity)
Excercise ( for obese/sedentary life styles)
Diet Modification( Salt/Fatty foods)
Opthalmoscopic exams (annual routine)
Weight Management (/control)
Sugar Check ups
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14
Q

Smoking Cessation counseling

A

SPANCSTER
Stressor ( any stress in life/tension etc )
Problems ( Heart /Lung/ CA)
Advantages ( Improved breathing & Increased energy)
Nicotine Patch ( I can offer you reading materials )
Counsellors ( I can refer u/ give # )
Support systems ( I can refer u /give #)
Taper down ( if u cant do cold turkey den just taper down a bit)
Excercise Programs ( eg Swimming )
Rewards ( reward urself, treat urself with a dinner from money saved off of quitting)

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15
Q

STD / HIV Counseling

A

STRIP BIMBO !
SAFE SEXUAL PRACTICES
TRANSMISSION ( to partners )
RISKS ( acquiring more STD’s)
IMMUNIZATIONS ( for Influenza/ Pneumococcal )
PREVENTION COUNSELLING ( REFER TO SW /CAN GIVE #)
BEHAVIOUR COUNSELLING (REFER / CAN GIVE #)
INTERVENTIONAL COUNSELLING ( REFER /CAN GIVE #)
MEDICATIONS
BARRIER METHODS (CONDOMS
OPPURTUNISTIC INFECTIONS/OBSERVATION (FOR LABS)

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16
Q

URINARY COMPLAINT

A

FINISHED PUBS

Frequency ( How frequent do you have to Ux)
Incontinence( Do you have trouble holding Ux)
Nocturia ( do you have to wake up @ Night)
Incomplete emptying ( do you feel fullness after Ux)
Stream (How is your stream?)
Hematuria (did you notice any blood)
Hesitancy (do you have to wait before starting to Ux)
Dysuria (Did you have difficulty Ux)
Pyuria ( Do you have pus in Ux)
Urgency (do you have to rush)
Burning (dysuria) (does it burn)
Strain (Do you have to strain during Ux)

17
Q

Memory Loss/Dementia/Alzheimers/MID/Creutfeldt jakob/Pseudotumor cerebrii

A 
ADL = Activities of daily living = DEATH
Dressing
Eating
Ambulation (can u find ur way thru home)
Toiletry (do u manage ur toiletry un assisted)
Housing 
IADL - Instrumental acitivities of daily living =SHAFT
Shopping
Housekeeping? unsure about that
Accounting
Food (do u do ur cooking ,etc)
Transportation (do u drive )
18
Q

Shoulder pain

A 
DEFORMS
Dislocation ( Ant/Post)
Elderly Abuse
Fracture ( Head/Shaft)
Osteoporosis /Osteoarthritis
Rotator Cuff Tear
Multiple myeloma
Subacromial Bursitis
19
Q

OBESITY

A 
OBESITY-DISC
Osteoarthritis
Breathing problems
Excess Cholestrol
Sleep Apnea
Increased Incidence Ca's (Endomet/Breast/Colon)
Type 2 DM
hYpertension
Depression
Incontinence
Stress
Cholelithiasis/Cycle disturbances/Cardiac
20
Q

Obesity counseling

A

ABCDEF

Avoid Advice (Eg.Sedentary/Steroids) /Advantages Advice (Low Heart/Brain/Ca etc risk)

Books (self help reading material)

Counseling/Consult/ Cholesterol checks

Dietitian

Exercise
Fatty Food (cut backs)
21
Q

Psychiatric Hx Checklist

A

MISS SPEARS PAD MATCHED

Mood, Idea ( abt de problem?), Stress, Support, Sleep ,Plan,Energy ,Aims, Routine , Suicide, Pills (drugs),Apetite ,Duration,Memory, Alone,Concentration, Hopes, Hallucinations , Delusions

22
Q

Syncope/ Loss of Consciousness/Spells

A

CAMPUS

CAD 
Arrythmias/ Aortic Stenosis 
Migraine/ Meds 
Psychiatric /Personality disorder( hyperventilation) 
Unexplained Syncope 
Seizures/Strokes

CAD Arrythmias,Aortic stenosis ( chest pain/palpitations/PHx of MI)

Migraine ( Light flashes, Nasea /Vomiting/ Heachachs)

Psychiatric (breathing problems/Anxiety( fear of death etc)

Seizures /strokes (jerky move,Numbness & weakness, Vision,Speech, Bowel,bladder)

FHx of heart/HTN/DM/Migraine/Stroke

23
Q

D/D Confusion

A 
DEMENTIA
Diabetes /Dementia/ Drugs 
Epilepsy 
Migraine/Mult Infarct Dementia 
Ethanol (withdrawl / Toxicity) 
Neurological Deficit diseases= BETA (Bleeds,Encephalitis,Tumors,Abscess,Meningitis) 
TIA/ Trauma 
Insulin/ Infections 
Alzheimers/Abscess

Check list accordingly :- Numbness weakness/Headach ,Flashes, N/V /Jerky movements, LOC/ Insulin use /PHx Trauma/FHx of Alzheimer + Risk factor screen (Cholestrol,HTN,DM etc). For Suspected DEMENTIA =Instrumental inquiry = SHAFT Q’s (Shop/Housekeep/Aaccount/Food prep/ Transport) , & Daily activity inquiry =DEATH Q’s (Dress/Eat/Ambulate/Toilet/Hygiene

24
Q

D/D BACK PAIN

A 
LIMCOTS
Lumbar Spinal stenosis 
Intervertebral disc herniation 
Multiple Myeloma/ Mets (Prostate, Breast ,Lung) 
Cauda equina synd/ Cancer 
Osteoporosis/Osteoarthritis 
Trauma/ TB 
Strain (muscle)

Check list= SIQQOR AAA & then ROS =Age/ Bone pains/ constipation=MM/Bowel, bladder/Relieving factors/ Phx of trauma/Surgical Hx(Prostate) /Chest pain,hemoptysis ,Fever &chills/ With bone & joint problems =Functional impairment (SOS=Help)Q’s i.e Sleep/Occupation/Suport

25
Q

D/D Nausea & Vomiting

A 
A MOPING
Anorexia 
Metabolic( DKA)/Meds 
Obstruction (pyloric /Intestinal) 
Pregnancy 
Inflammation( Pyelo/Cholecysto/Appi/Pancreas/PID) 
Neurological (BETA)= Bleed/Encephalitis/Tumor/Abscess 
Gastroenteritis
26
Q

D/D Dizziness

A 
DENTAL CAMPUS 
Diabetic comp ( Orthostatic ) 
Ear problems (Meniere's/ BPV) 
Neural tumors/Neuropathy 
Thyroid 
Anemia 
L leave me 
CAMPUS is same as is for SPELLS/LOC/SYNCOPE
27
Q

Neuro cases

A

Imagine an old guy who got hit on the head , lost his memory and is looking for his imaginary girl friend who is thin and cute and he’s making a video of her ! and he asks you :
HaVe yoU SaW my Cute THiN GirLL FFriend ViDeo ?
( the grammer and speech are affected as well ! grin )

HV U SW C THN GLL FF VD ?
Headaches
Visual disturbance
Urinary incontinence
Sleep disturbance
Weakness/Numbness
Confusion/Convulsion
Tinnitus
Hearing loss
Nausia
Gait
Loss of conc.
Light headedness
Falls/trauma
Fullness of ears
Vomiting
Discharge , Ear
28
Q

Mini Mental Status Exam

A

MINI MENTAL
ORArL23RWD

O-Orientation (5)-Country, state, city, hospital, floor
R-Registration “I’m going to say 3 objects”… then they repeat
A-Attention “spell world backwards, or serial 7’s from 100” (5)
r-Recall what were those 3 items again? (3)
L-Language “Repeat after me.. “No, ifs, ands, or buts” (1)
2- Identify two objects “what is this.. pen.. and this… paper”
3- Obey 3 commands, “take a piece of paper, fold in ½, put on floor”
R-“Read 3 commands on this paper and do what is says”
W-Write a sentence
D-Draw, copy the image:

29
Q

Indications of Dialysis

A 
I HAF to PE
Intoxication ( Ethylene glycol , Methanol)
Hyperkalemia
Acidemia
Fluid overload
Pericarditis
Encephalopathy
30
Q

ObGyn Hx

A

LMP RTV CS PAP

LMP !!
Menarchae
Period ( lasts .... days?)
Reglarity ( every .... wks?)
Tampoons/Pads # per day
Vaginal discharge, itching , dryness
Cramps (Dysmenorrhea)
Spotting ( intermenstrual / post coital )
Pregnency ( Hx & complications)
Abortion /miscarriage
PAP smear ( last time result ?, Hx of past abnormal result ? )
31
Q

Associated symptoms of Amenorrhea

A

a HAG with a Very Fou(W)l Hea(I)DaChe

HAG V FWL HiDC
( i know it’s kinda lame , but it’s the best i could come up with to remind me of a Gyn case (HAG means an old lady) with one possible Amenorhea symptom (Headache in Prolactinoma and Peri-menopause )

Hair & skin changes ( for Hypothyroidism/Hirsutism of PCOS) /Headaches
Anorexia nervosa /Anxiety & Depresion
Galactorrhea
Visual disturbance / Virilization
Fatigue
Wt change , Appetite & Diet
Libido
Hotflushes
insomnia
Deep voice change
Cold intolerance & Constipation
32
Q

Dyspareunia

A

DATIVE ! ( u have to be on a date to have sex )

Domestic abuse
Atrophic vaginiyis ( don’t forget to ask about s/s of Menopause)
Tumor ,Pelvic
Infection ( lower : Vulvovaginitis - Cervicitis / Upper : PID )
Vaginismus
Endometriosis ( don’t forget to ask ‘bout Cyclic pelvic pain )

i didn’t bother making a mnemonic for the S/S (signs & sympt.) of Dyspareunia’s causes because if u ask the Sex. Hx and the ObGyn Hx (LMP RTV CS PAP) u’ll be covering most of them automatically

33
Q

Skin review of systems

A

aReNT SIMMBEL :-)

R (rash)
N (nail changes)
T (temperature)

S (sensation)
I (itching)
M (masses)
M (moles)
B (bleeding/bruises)
E (edema)
L (lesions)

This mnemonic screens for a lot of conditions that might leave skin findings. after all the skin is our largest organ. And NO, i DONT want to become a dermatologist!

34
Q

Gastroinestinal Hx

A

ABCDEFGHIJ+.MNOP

A-appetite

B-BOWEL HABITS.,

C-CONSTIPATION

D-diarrhea

E-EATING HABITS.

F-FEVER

H-HAEM IN STOOL

I-incontinence

J-JAUNDICE

M-medications eg iron tabs causin constipation or antibiotics causin diarrhea

N-nausea

O-OFCOURSE nausea followed by VOMITING

P-pain abdomen

35
Q

D/D Dry Mouth

A

DRI

D Drugs/Dehydration

R Renal/Radiation

I Immuno(Sjorgen)/Intense emotion

36
Q

Trauma pt history

A

AMPLE

A Allergy

M Medication

P past med Hx

L Last meal

E Events before accident

37
Q

Menstrual History

A

FM DIAL

F Frequency

M Menarche

D Duration

I Intensity

A Amount

L LMP

38
Q

Foot pain history

A

WET SURF

Work

Eye infection redness

Trauma to foot

Stiffness in other joints

Urethral discharge

Rash/reiter synd

Fever

STEP 2 CS (2 decks)

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