mnemonics Flashcards
PTSD
[TRAUMA]
Traumatic event Reexperiences Avoidance Unable to function Month (one month of symptoms) Arousal (increased)
causes of dementia
[DEMENTIAS]
Degenerative diseases Endocrine Metabolic Exogenous Neoplasia Trauma Infection Affective disorders Stroke/Structure
Degenerative diseases (parkinson’s huntington’s)
Endocrine (thyroid, parathyroid, pituitary, adrenal)
Metabolic (alcohol, electrolytes, vitamin B12 deficiency, glucose, hepatic, renal, wilson’s disease)
Exogenous (heavy metals, CO, drugs)
Neoplasia
Trauma (subdural hematoma)
Infection (meningitis, encephalitis, endocarditis, syphilis, HIV, prion diseases, lyme disease)
Affective disorders (pseudodementia)
Stroke/Structure (vascular dementia, ischemia, vasculitis, normal pressure hydrocephalus)
2 most common causes of dementia
alzheimer’s disease and vascular dementia
major causes of delirium
[I WATCH DEATH]
Infection Withdrawal Acute metabolic/substance Abuse Trauma Cns pathology Hypoxia Deficiencies Endocrine Acute vascular/MI Toxins/drugs Heavy metals
symptoms of a depressive episode
[SIG E CAPS]
Sleep Interest Guilt Energy Concentration Appetite Psychomotor agitation/retardation Suicidal ideation
Sleep (hypersomnia/insomnia) Interest (loss of interest/pleasure in activities) Guilt (feelings of worthlessness, inappropriate guilt) Energy (decreased, fatigue) Concentration (decreased) Appetite (inc/dec) or weight (inc/dec) Psychomotor agitation/retardation Suicidal ideation
TCA toxicity
[tri-C’s]
Convulsions
Coma
Cardiac arrythmias
symptoms of mania
[DIG FAST]
Distractibility Insomnia Grandiosity / more Goal directed Flight of ideas Activities / psychomotor Agitation Sexual indiscretions/other pleasurable activities Talkativeness/pressured speech
characteristics of personality disorders
[MEDIC]
Maladaptive Enduring Deviate from cultural norms Inflexible Cause impairment in social/occupational functioning
definitions:
delusion
hallucination
illusion
delusion: a fixed false idiosyncratic belief
hallucination: perception WITHOUT an existing external stimulus
illusion: MISperception of an ACTUAL external stimulus
positive and negative symptoms
positive: hallucinations, delusions, disorganized speech, bizarre behavior, thought disorder
negative: flat affect, decreased emotional reactivity, poverty of speech, lack of purposeful actions, anhedonia
evolution of EPS
[4 and A]
4 hours: acute dystonia
4 days: akinesia
4 weeks: akathisia
4 months: tardive dyskinesia
features of substance dependence
[WITHDraw IT]
3+ of the 7 within 1 year:
Withdrawal
Interest/Important activities given up/reduced
Tolerance
Harm (physical/psychosocial) with continued use
Desire to cut down/control
Intended time/amount exceeded
Time spent obtaining/using the substance is increased
risk factors for suicide
[SAD PERSONS]
Sex (male) Age (older) Depression Previous attempt Ethanol/substance abuse Rational thought Sickness (chronic illness) Organized plan/access to weapons No spouse Social support lacking
2nd generation/atypical antipsychotics
[ROCQZAP]
Risperidone Olanzapine Clozapine Quetiapine Ziprasidone Aripiprazole Paliperidone
