MLK And The Civil Rights Movement (1960-1965) Flashcards
What did 4 black students do in Greensboro in 1960 to challenge segregation at lunch counters
sit-in. - by the 5th day, 300 people were involved
Which civil rights group organised the Freedom rides in 1961
CORE (Congress of racial equality)
What happened to the Freedom rides when they reached the South
Firebombed in Anniston, attack and beaten up, arrested in Jackson
Why are the Freedom Rides significant
JFK had to get involved and protected the freedom rides and this led to interstate buses being desegregated in September 1961
When did MLK protest in Birmingham, Alabama
1963
Who was the racist police chief in Birmingham, Alabama
Police Chief Bull Connor
What tactics did MLK use to try and improve civil rights
Peaceful protests which would lead to white violence which would then win sympathy and publicity
What did MLK do when he was arrested in Birmingham
Write his famous “letter from Birmingham Jail” - which stated that African Americans were tired and angry at the humiliating treatment that they faced
Who did MLK use in the protests to win more sympathy after he was released from jail
children
What did Police Chief Bull Connor use against young protestors
Dogs and Powerful water hoses
How many children were arrested in the Birmingham protest
1300
What was the outcome of the protests in Birmingham
successful - all of Birmingham (one of the most resistant places to desegregation) was finally desegregated
How many people took place in the 1963 march on Washington
250,000 - including 80,000 white supporters
What speech did MLK make at the march on Washington
‘I have a dream speech’
What law was past in response to the march on Washington, which led to all of USA being desegregated
1964 Civil Rights Act
Why did MLK choose Selma, Alabama for a protest to improve the rights to vote
because only 383 out of 15,000 black people in Selma were registered to vote
What happened on ‘bloody sunday’ (7th march)
March from selma was stopped on the Edmund Pettus Bridge and the marchers were attacked with tear gas and clubs
Why was the march on Selma seen as so important
The violence forced LBJ to get involved and this eventually led to the passing of the 1965 Voting Rights Act - this banned literacy tests which made sure that all black americans were registered to vote
Another march on Selma occurred on 21st March, how many people were involved
25,000 - biggest march on the South ever.
By 1968, how many black people were registered to vote
1 million
