MKSAP Neuro II

Question 1

Metoprolol, propranolol, timolol, divalproex sodium, and topiramate all have Level A evidence for prevention of episodic migraine and should be considered for migraine occurring at a frequency of at least ____ days per month.

Answer 1

5

Question 2

In a woman with childbearing potential, _____ and _____are the most appropriate treatment options for epilepsy because of their relatively low risk of teratogenicity.

Answer 2

levetiracetam; lamotrigine

Question 3

What fetal defects is valproic acid associated with?

Answer 3

neural tube defects and lower IQ

Question 4

How long do people with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy need AEDs?

Answer 4

Lifelong, even if they are well controlled

Question 5

_____ is characterized by rapidly progressive dementia, myoclonus, sleep problems, and other psychiatric symptoms; typical imaging findings include an increased signal in the cortex and subcortical structures (like basal ganglia) on diffusion-weighted MRI sequences.

Answer 5

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease

Question 6

How is HIV encephalopathy characterized?

Answer 6

Subacute syndrome of cognitive and motor dysfunction

Question 7

Triad of Wernike’s encephalopathy?

Answer 7

Acute neuropsychiatric syndrome characterized by

1. nystagmus and ophthalmoplegia
2. mental status changes
3. ataxia

Question 8

In a patient with a transient ischemic attack, ____ is an inexpensive, readily available, and noninvasive imaging modality for identifying high-grade stenosis and the possible need for surgery.

Answer 8

Carotid duplex ultrasonography

Question 9

Indications for obtaining a noncontrast CT for patients with mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) (there’s 10 indications)

Answer 9

1. falls from greater than 3 feet or 5 stairs
2. vehicular ejection
3. vehicle-pedestrian accident
4. age older than 60 years
5. severe headache after trauma
6. vomiting after trauma
7. Glasgow Coma Scale score of less than 15
8. focal deficit(s)
9. posttraumatic seizure 10. coagulopathy
10. persistent drowsiness or amnesia

Question 10

Mild cognitive impairment is a cognitive state between normal aging and dementia characterized by a decline in cognitive functioning that is greater than what is expected with normal aging but has not resulted in significant ____.

Answer 10

function disability

Question 11

Urinary frequency and urgency can be treated with:

Answer 11

oxybutynin (or other anticholinergic medications)

Question 12

What does POEMS stand for?

Answer 12

Polyneuropathy
Organomegaly
Endocrinopathy
Monoclonal gammopathy
Skin abnormalities

(Can also have edema, papilledema, angiofollicular lymph node hyperplasia AKA Castleman disease, osteosclerotic myeloma, elevated serum VEGF)

Question 13

Classic presentation of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy

Answer 13

Generalized areflexia and progressive or relapsing symmetric sensory and motor neuropathy

Question 14

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is characterized by:

Answer 14

Upper motor neuron signs (such as hyperreflexia, spasticity, and an extensor plantar response) coexistent with lower motor neuron findings (such as atrophy and fasciculation)