Mixtures Vocabulary

Question 1

Homogeneous

Answer 1

A uniform composition which consists of two or more substances in a single phase.

Question 2

Heterogeneous

Answer 2

A non-uniform composition that can physically separate with filtration; or just in general.

Question 3

Solution

Answer 3

A homogeneous mixture

Question 4

Solute

Answer 4

The substance being dissolved

Question 5

Solvent

Answer 5

The dissolving agent

Question 6

Aqueous (Solutions)

Answer 6

Have water as the solvent
Water that contains dissolved substances

Question 7

Electrolyte

Answer 7

Are aqueous solutions that contain ions (from ionic (aquous) solutes) giving the solution the ability to conduct electricity.

Question 8

Nonelectrolyte

Answer 8

Solutions that do not conduct electricity in either aqueous solution or the molten state.

Question 9

Strong-Weak (Electrolyte)

Answer 9

Strong: All or nearly all of the solute exists as ions.
Weak: Conducts an electric current poorly because only a fraction of a solute exists as ions.

Question 10

Solvation

Answer 10

The dissolving process
1. The water molecules (solvent) start to attach to the ions of the salt (solute).
2. When enough water molecules are attached to the ion, this attraction becomes stronger than the attraction to the other ions and the ion eventually separates from the crystal.
3. Eventually all the ions become dispersed all throughout the water.
(The process by which the positive and negative ions of an ionic solid become surrounded by solvent molecules)

Question 11

Hydrate

Answer 11

Are solids that contain water molecules as part of their crystal structure

Question 12

Water of Hydration

Answer 12

The water contained in a crystal or the water of crystallization.

Question 13

Anhydrous

Answer 13

Anhydrous means without water (not a hydrate)
Some compounds are naturally Anhydrous
Hydrates heated to a temperature above 100 degrees celsius will become anhydrous

Question 14

Efflorescent

Answer 14

If a hydrate has a vapor pressure higher than the pressure of water vapor in the air, the hydrate will lose it’s water of hydration.

Question 15

Hygroscopic

Answer 15

Hydrated ionic compounds that have a low vapor pressure remove water from moist air to form higher hydrates.

Question 16

Desiccant

Answer 16

A substance used to absorb moisture from the air and create a dry atmosphere.

Question 17

Deliquescent

Answer 17

the process by which a substance absorbs moisture from the atmosphere until it dissolves in the absorbed water and forms a solution.

Question 18

Saturated

Answer 18

Contains the maximum amount of solute for a given quantity of solvent at a constant temperature and pressure.

Question 19

Unsaturated

Answer 19

A solution that contains less solute than a saturated solution at a given temperature and pressure

Question 20

Supersaturated

Answer 20

Contains more solute than it can theoretically hold at a given temperature.

Question 21

Solubility

Answer 21

The amount of solute that dissolves in a given quantity of a solvent at a specified temperature and pressure to produce a saturated solution.

Question 22

Miscible

Answer 22

If two liquids dissolve in one another in all proportions

Question 23

Immiscible

Answer 23

Liquids that are insoluble in one another.

Question 24

Dilute

Answer 24

A solution that contains a relatively small amount of solute

Question 25

Concentrated

Answer 25

Contains a large amount of solute

Question 26

Concentration

Answer 26

A measure of the amount of solute that is dissolved in a given quantity of solvent.

Question 27

Molarity

Answer 27

The number of moles of solute dissolved in one liter of solution