Mixed High-yield Items

Question 1

Tryptophan derivatives

Answer 1

Serotonin, Niacin, Melatonin “TRiP mo bang mag-S ‘N M?”

Question 2

Agglutinogen in Blood Type B

Answer 2

Galactose

Question 3

Agglutinogen in Blood Type A

Answer 3

Alpha-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine

Question 4

Agglutinogen in Blood Type O

Answer 4

None

Question 5

Biomolecule analyzed in Southern Blot

Answer 5

DNA

Question 6

Biomolecule analyzed in Northern Blot

Answer 6

RNA

Question 7

Biomolecule analyzed in Western Blot

Answer 7

Protein

Question 8

Biomolecule analyzed in Dot Blot

Answer 8

DNA, RNA, Protein (but no electrophoresis required)

Question 9

Amino acid precursors of Creatine phosphate

Answer 9

“GAM”: Glycine, Arginine, Methionine

Question 10

Tyrosine derivatives

Answer 10

Tyrosine, L-Dopa, Dopamine, Norepinephrine, Epinephrine “TLDNE”

Question 11

Converts Tyrosine to L-Dopa

Answer 11

Tyrosine hydroxylase

Question 12

Converts L-Dopa to Dopamine

Answer 12

Dopa decarboxylase

Question 13

Converts Dopamine to Norepinephrine

Answer 13

Dopamine Beta-hydroxylase

Question 14

Converts Norepinephrine to Epinephrine

Answer 14

Phenylethanolamine-N-methyltransferase (S-adenosylmethionine/SAM)

Question 15

Collagen is composed of repeating tripeptides consisted of

Answer 15

Gly-X-Y

Question 16

Amino acid unique to Collagen

Answer 16

Hydroxyproline (produced by hydroxylation of prolyl residues at the Y position in the procollagen chains as they pass through RER)

Question 17

Sequence of formation of Collagen in the RER

Answer 17

Prepro-alpha chain > Pro-alpha chain > Pro-a chain with hydroxylated prolines and lysines by prolyl and lysyl hydroxylases > Pro-a chain with glycosylated hydroxylysines > 3 Pro-a chains form triple helix (ProCollagen)

Question 18

Vitamine required by Prolyl and Lysyl Hydroxylases

Answer 18

Vitamin C

Question 19

Sequence of formation of Collagen outside the RER

Answer 19

Cleaving of propeptides from ProCollagen by proteases = TropoCollagen > Assembly into Fibrils then cross-linked by Lysyl Oxidase (requires O2 and Cu) > Aggregation of Fibrils into Collagen Fibers

Question 20

Collagen type associated with Osteogenesis imperfecta

Answer 20

Type I

Question 21

Collagen type associated with Keloid formation and Ehlers-Danlos Type IV

Answer 21

Type III

Question 22

Collagen type associated with Goodpasture syndrome, Alport Disease, Epidermolysis Bullosa

Answer 22

Type IV (basement membrane)

Question 23

Blue sclera, fractures, skeletal deformities, mutations in collagen genes

Answer 23

Osteogenesis Imperfecta

Question 24

Hyperextensible, fragile skin; Hypermobile joints, dislocations, varicose veins, ecchymoses, arterial, intestinal ruptures, Mutations in collagen and lysyl hydroxylase gene

Answer 24

Ehlers-Danlos syndromes

Question 25

Depigmented (Steely) hair, arterial tortuosity, cerebral degeneration, osteoporosis, anemia due to deficient cross-linking secondary to Cu deficiency

Answer 25

Menkes Disease (aka Ehlers-Danlos Type IX or Kinky Hair Syndrome); Lysyl oxidase requires Copper