Mixed final study Flashcards
What drug can you use if INR is subtherapeutic on Warfarin?
Rivaroxaban (works in 2-4 hrs)
What are the features of Zinc deficiency and what puts patients at risk?
Alopecia, abnormal taste, bullous, pustulous lesions, surrounding orifices/extremities, impaired wound healing
patients on TPN or Jejunal resection
What endocrine abnormality is associated with Amiodarone?
Hypo/hyperthyroid
How do you treat HF associated with HTN?
Suppl O2, IV furosemide, consider nitro
What arrhythmia is most specific to digitalis toxicity?
Atrial tachy with AV block
Most common side effects of Epo therapy?
Worsening HTN, HAs, flu like sx
How can hypokalemia worsen hepatic encephalopathy?
Low K increases renal ammonia production
What are the signs of alcohol withdrawal?
Agitation, delirium, seizures, tachycardia, HTN, fever
What may be the cause of hypopituitarism with mild/mod increase in prolactin?
Nonfunctioning gonadotroph adenoma
Treatment for acute cystitis uncomplicated?
Nitrofurantoin, Bactrim, fosfomycin
What treatment for Grave’s can worsen opthalmopathy? How can you avoid?
Radioactive iodine therapy, because transient rise in thyroid hormones, pretreat with glucocorticoids
Which fungal infections are ubiquitous in all regions of the country and can show pulmonary nodule with halo sign?
aspergillosis
What markers can be found in patients with viral arthritis?
Positive RF, weakly positive ANA
What is the chronicity of arthritis from RA or SLE?
chronic conditions, resolve in >4weeks
What is the most likely cause of contact lens associated keratitis?
Gram negatives like Pseudomonas and Serratia
How do you differentiate SJS from TEN?
SJS 30%
What are the recommended vaccines for traveling to north africa?
Hep A/B, typhoid, polio booster
How can you differentiate fibromyalgia from polymyositis and polymyalgia rheumatica?
FM - Young middle aged, no lab abnormalities
PM - elevated muscle enzymes
PR - very high ESR, >50yo
What is indication for chest tube placement with parapneumonic effusion, and what can confirm the need for this?
Empyema - low pH of effusion fluid is indicative
What medication shouldnt be given in patients who have MI HF w/ flash pulmonary edema? What should they get?
beta-blockers, give furosemide
What test should all patients with cirrhosis get every 6 months? What test should they get at least once in the beginning of their care?
RUQ ultrasound to look for HCCa
EGD at least once to look for varices
What are the signs of opioid withdrawal?
dilated pupils, piloerection, dysphoria, myalgias, abdominal pain
What are the features of delirium tremens? How can you prevent?
Chlordiazepoxide (Librium)
DT = HTN, tachycardia, agitation, hallucinations (bugs crawling), fever
What should be initiated while waiting for imaging studies when suspecting epidural spinal cord compression?
IV Steroids
What is osteitis deformans?
Paget disease
What are the effects of hydrochlorathiazide to LDL, blood glucose, triglycerides, calcium?
Increased LDL, trigs, hyperglycemia
Decreased Ca
What skin finding is found with mycoplasma infection?
Erythema multi forme
What are the skin findings of porphyria cutanea tarda?
Painless blisters, increased skin fragility, facial hypertrichosis and hyper pigmentation
Which bacterial infections are most associated with cystoscopy?
Enterococcus
What is the criteria for doing a rapid strep antibody?
Two or more of tonsillar exudates, tender anterior adenopathy, fever, and absence of cough
What does increased residual lung volume indicate?
Obstructive process
How do you manage risk for strep bacteremia in patients with splenectomy?
Vaccines for pneumo and meningococcal before, penicillin ppx 3-5 years out
What is needle thoracostomy used for?
Emergently for life threatening pneumothorax
Which patients are at an increased risk for septic arthritis?
Elderly, previous joint disease (gout, OA, implant, but especially RA), IV drug use, diabetes
What is the preferred drug used to treat Hep B?
Tenofovir
