Mixed

Question 1

When do falls occur in idiopathic Parkinson’s disease? What about in other parkinsonian disorders?

Answer 1

usually not until 8 years after onset of idiopathic PD

• within the first 2 years of symptom onset of PSP
• within the first 5 years of symptom onset in MSA

Question 2

what is the frequency of tremor of idiopathic PD?

Answer 2

moderate in frequency, 4 to 6 Hz and typicall more distal than proximal

Question 3

What are reemergent tremors?

Answer 3

a type of postural tremor seen in idiopathic PD. When arms are outstretched, there is usually a latency of a few seconds before the tremor appears. (Contrast this with essential tremors, in which tremor appears immediately after assumption of a posture).

Question 4

What is striatal hand in PD?

Answer 4

abnormal postures in PD; ulnar deviation at the wrist with flexion at the metacarpophalangeal joints and extension at the interphalangeal joints

Question 5

What is striatal toe of PD?

Answer 5

extension of the big toe with flexion of other toes

Question 6

What is camptocormia?

Answer 6

extreme flexion of the spine that worsens during walking and improves in the supine position

Question 7

What are autonomic features of MSA?

Answer 7

urinary incontinence, orthostatic hypotension/syncope, erectile dysfunction, neuropathy