mix of topic 3,4,5

Question 1

What is a LAN?

Answer 1

Local Area Network – a network in a small area like a home or school.

Question 2

What is a WAN?

Answer 2

Wide Area Network – a network over a large area, like the internet.

Question 3

Name two differences between wired and wireless networks.

Answer 3

Wired is faster and more secure; wireless is more portable but less secure

Question 4

What does a router do?

Answer 4

Connects a LAN to the internet and directs data traffic

Question 5

What is a switch used for?

Answer 5

Sends data between devices on a LAN intelligently.

Question 6

What is a protocol?

Answer 6

A set of rules that computers follow to communicate over a network.

Question 7

What does HTTPS stand for and why is it important?

Answer 7

Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure – it encrypts website data for safety.

Question 8

What is malware?

Answer 8

Malicious software designed to harm or gain access to systems.

Question 9

What is phishing?

Answer 9

A scam that tricks people into giving personal info via fake emails or messages.

Question 10

What is a firewall?

Answer 10

Software or hardware that blocks unauthorised access to a network.

Question 11

What is encryption?

Answer 11

Scrambling data so only someone with the correct key can read it.

Question 12

What is the purpose of user access levels?

Answer 12

To control who can view or change data on a system.

Question 13

What is an operating system (OS)?

Answer 13

Software that manages computer hardware and software (e.g. Windows).

Question 14

Name three functions of an OS.

Answer 14

User interface, memory management, file management.

Question 15

What does defragmentation do?

Answer 15

Organizes scattered files on a disk to improve speed.

Question 16

What is backup software used for?

Answer 16

To copy data in case it is lost – can be full or incremental.

Question 17

What is compression?

Answer 17

Reducing file size to save space or speed up transfers.

Question 18

What is lossy compression?

Answer 18

A method that permanently removes some data to reduce file size.

Question 19

What is lossless compression?

Answer 19

A method that does not lose any data — the original file can be perfectly restored.

Question 20

What is the purpose of a Wireless Access Point (WAP)?

Answer 20

It allows wireless devices to connect to a wired network using Wi-Fi

Question 21

What does TCP/IP stand for and what is it used for?

Answer 21

Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol – it’s used to send data over networks in packets.

Question 22

What does IMAP do?

Answer 22

Allows you to read and manage emails directly on the server without downloading them.

Question 23

What’s the difference between a switch and a hub?

Answer 23

A switch sends data only to the intended device; a hub sends it to all devices.

Question 24

Why might a company choose a star topology over a mesh topology?

Answer 24

Star is easier to set up and manage; mesh is more complex but more reliable.

Question 25

What is a brute force attack?

Answer 25

Trying all possible password combinations to gain access to a system.

Question 26

How can anti-malware software protect a system?

Answer 26

It detects, blocks, and removes malicious software like viruses and spyware.

Question 27

What is penetration testing?

Answer 27

Testing a system for weaknesses by trying to hack it legally.

Question 28

What is SQL injection?

Answer 28

A type of attack where hackers enter code into a website to access databases.

Question 29

What is the difference between full and incremental backups?

Answer 29

Full backs up everything; incremental only backs up changed/new files.

Question 30

Why do we use file compression software?

Answer 30

To reduce file size, making it easier to store and transfer.

Question 31

What does memory management in the OS do?

Answer 31

Allocates RAM to programs and keeps track of what’s being used.

Question 32

Give one reason why multitasking needs an operating system.

Answer 32

It switches between programs and allocates processor time to each one.

Question 33

What does file management allow a user to do?

Answer 33

Organize, save, move, delete, and access files on the system.

Question 34

What is user management and why is it important?

Answer 34

Controls login, permissions, and access rights for users – helps keep systems secure.