Mix & Flow of Matter Flashcards
Mix & Flow of Matter covers all the material which we have learned within the first unit of our grade 8 science.
What do all hazardous materials have?
A label showing a hazard symbol.
What are the two pieces of information on every hazard symbol?
A shape and a picture.
What is the meaning of a hazard symbol with a yellow triangle?
Caution.
What is the meaning of a hazard symbol with an orange diamond?
Warning.
What is the meaning of a hazard symbol with a red octagon?
Danger.
What does WHMIS stand for?
Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System.
What are the types of hazard symbols? (10)
Flammable, Explosive, Oxidizing, Toxic, Compressed Gas, Health Hazard, Corrosive, Exclamation Mark, Environmental Hazard, Biohazardous Infectious Materials.
What does the symbol for flammable look like? What does flammable mean?
Normal flame with a black line underneath.
Flammable: may easily set on fire.
What is the shape and colour of all the modern hazard symbols? Except for ___, which is the shape of a ___ and the colour ___.
Red diamond.
Except for biohazardous infectious materials, which is the shape of a circle and the colour black.
What does the symbol for explosive look like? What does explosive mean?
An exploding orb/sphere.
Explosive: May cause serious injury or death through an explosion.
What does the symbol for oxidizing look like? What does oxidizing mean?
Flame with an O in the bottom and a black line underneath.
Oxidizing: May cause a fire to spread much more quickly.
What does the symbol for toxic look like? What does toxic mean?
Skull and crossed bones.
Toxic: May cause death/illness when ingested, touched, or inhaled.
What does the symbol for compressed gas look like? What does compressed gas mean?
The bottle.
Compressed gas: Gas stored in a container; may explode when exposed to heat.
What does the symbol for health hazard look like? What does health hazard mean?
A human who’s being ripped apart from the inside.
Health hazard: Anything that could harm the human body.
What does the symbol for corrosive look like? What does corrosive mean?
Two tubes being poured out, the liquid melting a hand and a piece of metal.
Corrosive: Can melt metal or skin.
What does the symbol for exclamation mark look like? What does it mean?
An exclamation mark.
Exclamation mark: May cause illness; warning.
What does the symbol for environmental hazard look like? What does it mean?
The one with the tree on it.
Environmental hazard: could cause major damage if released into the environment.
What does the symbol for biohazardous infectious materials look like? What does it mean?
You can’t miss it.
Biohazardous infectious materials: could cause infection in humans or animals.
What are the two properties of a fluid?
- It has no fixed shape.
2. It can flow.
What are the two states of matter that would be considered fluid?
- Liquids.
2. Gases.
What is a slurry?
A mixture of water and solids.
What is slurry technology? Provide an example.
The transport of solids in water.
Oil sands.
Why are fluids easy to move?
They take the shape of their container.
What is an example of where the ability of fluids to spread or flow and to carry other materials has been proven useful?
Toothpaste has a binder (made from wood pulp), which keeps the paste mixed.
A pure substance is made up of…
one material - that is one element or one compound.
A mixture is made up of…
a combination of different substances.
Explain how matter breaks up between pure substances and mixtures.
Matter = pure substance or mixture.
Mixture = mechanical, solution, or suspensions/colloids.
Define mechanical mixture.
You can see the different substances that make up the mixture.
What is another word for a mechanical mixture? What is an example of a mechanical mixture?
Heterogeneous.
Frozen vegetables.
Define solution.
Looks as if it’s all the same.
What is another word for a solution? What is an example of a solution?
Homogeneous.
Iced tea.
Define suspension.
Cloudy mixture that has tiny pieces of solute suspended or held in the solvent. If left still for some time, the solute will settle to the bottom.
What is an example of a suspension?
Tomato juice.
Define colloid.
A cloudy mixture in which the tiny droplets are so small they do not separate or settle.
What is an example of a colloid?
Milk.
Define solute.
The substance that dissolves in a solvent to form a solution. Usually a solid.
Define solvent.
The substance that dissolves a solute to form a solution. Usually a fluid.
Define solubility.
The ability to dissolve; the mass of solute that can dissolve in a given amount of solvent to form a saturated solution at a given temperature.
Define concentration.
The amount of solute dissolved in a specific amount of solvent in a solution; written g/mL or kg/L.
What is the difference between concentration and solubility?
Concentration is the amount of solute dissolved in a solvent. Solubility is the amount of solute which CAN be dissolved in a solvent before the solvent reaches its saturation point.
What is the formula for concentration?
C = solute
______
solvent
Define saturation point.
A solution in which no more solute can be dissolved in the solvent.
What does the particle model of matter explain? (4)
- All matter is made up of tiny particles.
- The tiny particles are always moving.
- The particles in matter are attracted to each other.
- The particles have spaces between them.
Explain the following scenario: when two liquids of 20mL are mixed together, why does the mixture only have a volume of 39mL and not 40mL?
Particles of liquids are of different sizes. The smaller particles can fit into the spaces between the larger particles -> total volume of the mixture decreases.