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AGPCNP Basics > Mix > Flashcards

Mix Flashcards

1
Q

Mitral Stenosis

A

Diastolic - S1 Murmur
Low-pitched - THRILL on palpitation
LEFT 5th ICS; apex

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2
Q

Aortic Regurgitation

A

Diastolic- Hight-pitched blowing sound
LEFT 2nd ICS

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3
Q

Mitral Regurgitation

A

Systolic - Musical blowing, high pitched
Follows S3 and radiates to base or axilla
LEFT 5th ICS; apex

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4
Q

Aortic Stenosis

A

Systolic - Rough, harsh blowing
Radiates to neck
RIGHT 2nd ICS

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5
Q

S1

A

Mitral/Tricuspid (atrial ventricular) valves close

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6
Q

S2

A

Aortic/Pulmonic (semilunar valves) close SOUND IS HEARD

Split S2 is best heard at pulmonic

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7
Q

S3

A

“Ken-tuck-y”
Diastole
LEFT 5th ICS; mid-clavicular space at apex
Ex: Left side heart failure ,CHF
Normal: Pregnancy, athletes, children, >40yo

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8
Q

S4

A

“Ten-ne-ssee”
Diastole
Atrial gallop or kick, Absent in Afib
LEFT 5th ICS mid-clavicular
Ex: MI, Left ventricular hypertrophy, Chronic HTN
Normal in elderly

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9
Q

Lipid Panel

A

Cholesterol <200
Triglycerides <150
LDL <100
HDL >40

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10
Q

Platelets

A

150,000 - 450,000

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11
Q

HGB/HCT

A

HGB. 14 - 18 (M)
12 - 16 (F)

HCT 40 -54% (M)
37 - 47% (F)

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12
Q

Calcium

A

8.5 - 10

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13
Q

Iron

A

50 -150

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14
Q

ALT/AST

A

ALT 0-40

AST 0-45

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15
Q

BUN

A

10- 20

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16
Q

Creatinine

A

0.5 - 1.5

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17
Q

TSH

A

0.5 - 5

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18
Q

T4

A

5 - 13

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19
Q

Aldosterone

A

0.8 - 1.4

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20
Q

Diagnostics for DM2

A

Serum FBG >126
Random BG >200 w. hyperglycemia
Plasma BG >200 after preload
A1C > 6.5% (Normal <5.7)

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21
Q

Criteria for Metabolic Syndrome

A

FBG >100
BP > 130/85
Triglycerides > 150
HDL <40 (M) <50 (F)
Waist circumference >40 (M) 101.6
>35 (F) 88.9

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22
Q

Mini Mental Status Exam

A

Appearance
Behavior
Cognition
Thought Process
30-24 None
23-18 (Mild)
17- 0 (Severe)

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23
Q

TIBC
Total Iron Binding Capacity

A

250 - 450

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24
Q

MCV
Mean Corpuscular Volume

A

80 - 100
Microcytic <80
Normal 80 - 100
Macrocytic >100

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25
Q

MCHC
Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration

A

32 - 36
HYPOchromic <32
Normal 32 - 36
HYPERchromic >36

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26
Q

Microcytic - Hypochromic
Conditions?

A

Iron deficiency anemia
Thalassemia

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27
Q

Macrocytic - Normochromic
Conditions?

A

Folic acid deficiency
Pernicious anemia (B12)

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28
Q

Normocytic - Normochromic
Conditions?

A

Anemia of chronic disease

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29
Q

Otitis Media (bacterial)

A

Amoxicillin - clavulante (if no prior abx)
Cephalosporin

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30
Q

Acute bacterial rhinosinusitis

A

Amoxicillin - clavulanate (Augmentin)
Levofloxacin or Doxycycline
Cefdinir

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31
Q

Allergic Rhinitis

A

Fluticasone (Flonase)
Cetirizine (Zytrec)
Loratadine (Claritin)

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32
Q

Pharyngitis (Strep)

A

Penicillin V 500 mg BID x 10 days
Amoxicillin 500 mg BID x 10 days
Azithromycin x 5 days

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33
Q

Acute bronchitis (bacterial)

A

Macrolides
Doxycycline
TMP-SMN (Bactrim)

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34
Q

SABA

A

Albuterol
Levalbuterol

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35
Q

ICS

A

Budesonide
Fluticasone

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36
Q

SAMA

A

Ipratropium
(short acting anticholinergics)

37
Q

LABA

A

Formoterol
Salmeterol

38
Q

LAMA

A

Tiotropium

39
Q

Pertussis (Whooping cough)

A

Macrolids (-mycins)

40
Q

Pneumonia CAP (no comorbidities or abx x3 months)

A

Amoxicillin 1g TID
Doxycycline 100 mg BID
Azithromycin

41
Q

Pneumonia CAP ( w. comorbidities & risk factors for resistance)

A

Amoxicillin - clavulanate
Cephalosporin PLUS Macrolide
Doxycycline
Mono therapy - Fluquinolones

42
Q

Tuberculosis

A

R.I.P.E
Rifampin, Isonizid (INH), Pyrazinamide, Ethambutol
6 month tx
9 month tx w HIV

43
Q

Peptic ulcer disease + H.pylori

A

Clarithromycin
Amoxicillin
Omeprazole
Bismuth
14 day tx

44
Q

Neonates, children, and adolescents
w. bacterial infections, meningitis, otis media, and gonnorhea

A

Ceftriaxone (Rocephin)

45
Q

Acute prostatitis

A

Ceftriaxone 250 mg IM once

46
Q

Chylamydia (complicated)

A

Doxycycline 100 mg BID x 14 days

47
Q

Chylamydia (uncomplicated)

A

Azithromycin 1g
Doxycycline 100 mg BID x 7 days

48
Q

Gonnorhea (complicated)

A

Ceftriaxone 250 mg IM PLUS Doxycycline 100 mg BID x 14 days

49
Q

Gonnorhea (uncomplicated)

A

Ceftriaxone 250 mg IM PLUS Azithromycin 1 g

50
Q

Epididymitis

A

STD related and <35yo: Ceftiraxone 500 mg IM PLUS Doxycycline for 10 days

Enteric organism and >35yo: Levofloxacin 500 mg x days

51
Q

BPH

A

Tamsulosin (Flomax)
Finesteride

52
Q

Bacterial vaginosis

A

Metronidazole (oral or vaginal)
Clindamycin cream

53
Q

Trichomoniasis

A

Metronidazole 500 mg BID x 7 days

54
Q

Vaginal candidiasis

A

-dazoles
Not metronidazole

55
Q

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease

A

Ceftriaxone 500 mg IM once PLUS Doxy PLUS
Metronidazole all for 14 days

56
Q

Associated conditions with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)

A

Diabetes,
Metabolic syndrome,
Infertility,
Heart and blood vessel complications,
uterine cancer,
sleep apnea

57
Q

Syphilis

A

Primary: Benzathine penicillin B
Secondary: Doxycycline

58
Q

UTI - uncomplicated

A

Nitrofurontoin (Macobid for preg)
TMP-SMX
Cephalexin

59
Q

Pyelonephritis

A

Ciprofloxacin BID x 7- 14 days OR
Levofloaxcin
Ceftriaxone 1g IM IV Q24h x 14 days

60
Q

Cellulitis w/o MRSA

A

Dicloxacillin
Amoxicillin
Cephalexin (Keflex)

61
Q

Cellulitis w. MRSA

A

TMP - SMX (Bactrim)
Doxycycline 10 days
Clindamycin x 10 days

62
Q

Lyme Disease

A

Doxycycline 100 BID x 21 days

63
Q

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever

A

Doxycycline

64
Q

Anthrax (Skin)

A

Ciprofloxacin x 60 days
Doxycyline

65
Q

Bullous myringitis

A

Amoxicillin 500 mg Q8h x 10 days

66
Q

Urate lowering drugs (Gout)

A

Allopurinol
Febuxostat

67
Q

Condyloma acuminata & actinic keratosis

A

Imiquimod (Aldara)

68
Q

Acceptable drugs s/p MI in elderly

A

Diuretics
ACE
Beta blockers

69
Q

Hepatitis A

A

Active: Anti-HAV & IgM
Recovered: Anti-HAV & IgG

70
Q

Hepatitis B

A

Active: HBsAg, HBeAG, Anti-HBc, IgM
Chronic: HBsAg, Anti-HBc, Anti-HBe, IgM, IgG
Recovered: Anti-HBc, Anti-HBs

71
Q

Hepatits C

A

Active: Anti-HCV, HCV RNA *Order a PCR to differentiate between both

72
Q

Deep pain on inspiration with fingers placed under RIGHT SIDE of rib cage

A

Murphy’s sign - Cholecystitis

73
Q

Point tenderness between anterior iliac spine and umbilicus

A

McBurney’s sign - Appendicitis

74
Q

Pain with RIGHT thigh extension after bending

A

Psoas sign - Appendicitis

75
Q

Pain with internal rotation of flexed RIGHT thigh

A

Obturator - Appendicitis

76
Q

RIGHT lower quadrant pain when pressure applied to LEFT lower quadrant

A

Rovings sign - Appendicitis

77
Q

Bluish discoloration around umbilicus
or the flank - pain radiates from abdomen to flank

A

Cullens (umbilicus)
Turner (flank)
Pancreatitis

78
Q

Knee is raised with foot externally rotated and flexed and straightened; results in audible/palpable click

A

McMurray’s sign - Meniscus

79
Q

Assesses anterior cruciate ligament tears (ACL)

A

Lachman drawer test - ACL

80
Q

Performed by having the patient lie supine and raising the patient’s affected leg to the point of pain or 90 degrees with the knee extended. This is indicative of a herniated disc.

A

Straight leg test

81
Q

Positive when tapping over the median nerve on the flexor surface of the wrist causes tingling.

A

Tinell test - Carpal tunnel

82
Q

Having a patient bring both wrists into flexion and then bringing the dorsums of the hands together

A

Phalen sign - Carpal tunnel

83
Q

Two tests for meningitis

A

Brudzinski: Neck stiffness
Kernig: Knee hip stiffness

84
Q

Occurs when scrotal pain is alleviated with the physical lifting of the testicles

A

Prehn sign (+) - epididymitis

85
Q

A reflex that is elicited by stroking the inner thigh, which causes the cremaster muscle to contract and pull up the ipsilateral testicle toward the inguinal canal.

A

Cremasteric reflex - testicular torsion

86
Q

Scaphoid injury

A

Watson Stress Test

87
Q

CURB-65

A

> 65
AMS
BUN >19
RR > 30
BP <90/60

88
Q

Obstructive lung disease

A

Asthma
Chronic bronchitis
Emphesema
COPD

89
Q

Restrictive lung disease

A

Morbid obesity
Pulmonary fibrosis
Sarcoidosis

AGPCNP Basics (1 decks)

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