Mitosis and The Cell Cycle Flashcards
What are the stages of the Cell Cycle?
Interphase
Mitosis (diploid cells from diploid cells)
What are the stages of Interphase?
G1 (rapid growth)
S (synthesis of DNA for Mitosis)
G2 (growth/production of proteins and structures required for division)
What are the five stages of Mitosis? What is division called? IPMATC
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Division is called Cytokenises
What is Mitosis used for?
Growth/repair in an organism
It creates identical copies (clones)
Asexual Reproduction
What happens in Interphase?
Gap 1(G1) cell grows quickly
Synthesis (S) New genetic material is synthesized, DNA in the chromatin replicated to create second identical set of DNA. Sister chromatids joined by the centromere from the chromosomes
Gap 2 (G2) second growth phase to allow the cell to rebuild energy to prepare for division
What happens in Prophase?
Chromatids condenses into chromosomes
Centrioles move to poles of the cell
Centrioles make spindle fibers - hollow tubes of protein that facilitate movement of chromosomes
Nuclear membrane disappearance
What happens in Metaphase?
Chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell
Spindle fibers from opposite poles attach to centimeters on the chromosomes
What happens in Anaphase?
Centromeres split apart and sister chromatids separate from one another
As spindle fibers shorten, sister chromatids street pulled to opposite poles
At the end, one complete diploid set of chromosomes is at each pole of the elongated cells
What happens in Telophase?
Spindle fibers disappear
Nuclear membrane forms and chromatids unwind into chromatin stands
Nucleus reforms
What happens in Cytokinesis?
The event begins in Anaphase
The cell begins to divide where cleavage pinches in on the cell membrane
The cell membrane divides to make two new daughter cells (identical to mother cell)
In plant cells, a cell plate forms at site of Cytokinesis that eventually forms a cell wall
The daughter cells are now in the G1 phase of Interphase
