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bio > mitosis and miosis i think > Flashcards

mitosis and miosis i think Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what does dna stand for?

A

deoxyribonucleic acid

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2
Q

what shape is dna

A

double helix

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3
Q

how many chromosomes are in dna

A

46

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4
Q

how many chromosomes do you get from your mom

A

23

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5
Q

how many chromosomes do you get from your dad

A

23

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6
Q

what do nucleotides do

A

stores information as a code

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7
Q

how many nitrogen bases are there

A

4

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8
Q

what are all the nitrogen bases

A

thymine adenine guanine cytosine

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9
Q

what is in nucleotide made of

A

1 sugar, 1 nitrogen base, 1 phosphate

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10
Q

what can thymine pair with

A

adenine

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11
Q

what can guanine pair with

A

cytosine

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12
Q

what can adenine pair with

A

thymine

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13
Q

what can cytosine pair with

A

guanine

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14
Q

what are the two types of bonds

A

covalent and hydrogen

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15
Q

what type of bond is stronger

A

covalent bonds

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16
Q

Dna is

A

the arrangement of nitrogen bases

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17
Q

restriction enzymes

A

genetic scissors

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18
Q

allele

A

version of specific gene

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19
Q

true or false- mitosis = growth + repair

A

true

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20
Q

true or false- meiosis makes 2 identical cells

A

false

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21
Q

true or false- mitosis is 1 cell division

A

true

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22
Q

true or false- mitosis is somatic cells

A

true

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23
Q

true or false- meiosis is a full set of dna

A

false

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24
Q

diploid

A

full set of dna

25
Q

true or false- meiosis is reproduction

A

true

26
Q

true or false- mitosis is sex cells

A

false

27
Q

true or false- meiosis is 1/2 dna

A

true

28
Q

haploid

A

1/2 dna

29
Q

true or false mitosis is 2 cell divisions

A

false

30
Q

true or false- meiosis makes 4 cells with 23 chromosomes

A

true

31
Q

both chromosomes are identicle in size

A

autosomes

32
Q

chromosomes can be different in sizes

A

sex chromosome

33
Q

purpose of mitosis

A

growth and repair

34
Q

how many times does the cell divide during mitosis

A

1

35
Q

what kind of cells are produced at the end of mitosis

A

identical sister cells

36
Q

what are sister chromosomes

A

2 identical chromosomes

37
Q

what happens during metaphase

A

chromatids pushed to center

38
Q

what happens during anaphase

A

chromatids separate, dna is pulled towards the poles

39
Q

what happens during telophase

A

dna reaches poles, nucleus reforms 2x, dna changes back

40
Q

is cytokanisis a part of mitosis

A

no

41
Q

what happens during cytokinesis

A

organelles and cytoplasm last to split

42
Q

what is the purpose of meiosis

A

reproduce sex cells

43
Q

how many times does the cell divide during meiosis

A

2

44
Q

when is replication preformed

A

in interphase (s)

45
Q

promotes genetic variation in organisms

A

meiosis

46
Q

who invented genetics

A

Gregor Mendel

47
Q

Homozygous

A

2 of the same, AA, aa

48
Q

Hetrozygous

A

2 different, Aa

49
Q

Genotype

A

gene expression, A or a

50
Q

Phenotype

A

Physical expressionn, what we see

51
Q

Mendelian

A

Dominant/ recessive

52
Q

Dominant phenotype

A

Capital letter

53
Q

Recessive phenotype

A

Lowercase letter

54
Q

Carrier

A

have gene but not expressed

55
Q

Co dominance

A

Both original phenotypes are present in a hetrozygous

56
Q

Incomplete dominance

A

Blending both original phenotypes in hetrozygous

57
Q

multiple alleles

A

more than 2 alleles

58
Q

sex/ x linked recessive

A

based on 23 pair ( sex chromosome)

59
Q

Epastasis

A

based on 2 sets of genes. 1st set of genes activates, if 1st is present, second can be activated

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