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Honors Biology > Mitosis and Meiosis > Flashcards

Mitosis and Meiosis Flashcards

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1
Q

interphase

A

phase before mitosis; growth of cell and preparation for division

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2
Q

prophase

A

chromatin condenses into chromosomes, nuclear envelope disappears, spindle fibers start to form

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3
Q

G1 of Interphase

A

growth and functioning of the cell

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4
Q

Synthesis stage/S stage

A

DNA replicates

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5
Q

G2 phase of interphase

A

organelles replicate in preparation for division

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6
Q

metaphase

A

chromosomes, chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell

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7
Q

anaphase

A

the sister chromatids separate into individual chromosomes and are moved apart

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8
Q

telophase

A

chromosomes return to chromatin; nuclear membranes form; cleavage furrow begins

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9
Q

cytokinesis

A

splitting of the cytoplasm

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10
Q

mitosis

A

splitting of the nucleus

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11
Q

sister chromatids

A

Replicated forms of a chromosome joined together by the centromere and eventually separated

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12
Q

centromere

A

area connecting sister chromatids

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13
Q

spindle fibers

A

microtubules that extend from the centrioles and guide chromosome movement

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14
Q

somatic cell

A

all human body cells; not the gametes

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15
Q

diploid

A

having two sets of chromosomes; all somatic cells

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16
Q

haploid

A

having one set of chromosomes; the gametes

17
Q

gamete

A

sex cell; egg or sperm

18
Q

zygote

A

fertilized egg

19
Q

sexual reproduction

A

reproduction combining genetic info from two parents

20
Q

asexual

A

reproduction by one parent as a result of cell division

21
Q

Meiosis

A

Cell division producing gametes

22
Q

Inside part of chromosome

A

DNA

23
Q

S phase of interphase

A

DNA replication happens

24
Q

Anaphase 2

A

sister chromatids separated in Meiosis

25
Q

Meiosis 2

A

similar to Mitosis

26
Q

Crossing over

A

Happens during Prophase 1 of Meiosis 1 . It produces genetic variation in gametes. During chromosomes chromosomes randomly switch DNA.

27
Q

Goal of Meiosis

A

Create haploid gametes.

Honors Biology (2 decks)

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