Mitosis and Meiosis

Question 1

What is mitosis?

Answer 1

The division of a cell into two identical cells

Question 2

Why is mitosis important for living organisms?

Answer 2

It allows growth and repair of tissues

Question 3

How many cells are produced at the end of mitosis?

Answer 3

Two

Question 4

What is the main purpose of mitosis?

Answer 4

To repair and replace old or damaged cells

Question 5

During which phase of mitosis do the chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell?

Answer 5

Metaphase

Question 6

What happens to the DNA in a cell before mitosis begins?

Answer 6

It is copied

Question 7

How is mitosis different from meiosis?

Answer 7

Mitosis occurs in body cells, meiosis occurs in reproductive cells

Question 8

What role do spindle fibers play in mitosis?

Answer 8

They separate the chromosomes

Question 9

In which phase of mitosis do the sister chromatids get pulled apart?

Answer 9

Anaphase

Question 10

What are the four main stages of mitosis and draw them?

Answer 10

Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase

Question 11

How does mitosis contribute to growth in plants?

Answer 11

By increasing the number of cells

Question 12

Why do cells need to duplicate their DNA before mitosis?

Answer 12

To make sure each new cell has the correct instructions

Question 13

During which phase of mitosis does the nuclear membrane start to break down?

Answer 13

Prophase

Question 14

What happens to the cell membrane during mitosis?

Answer 14

It pinches in to help divide the cell

Question 15

In which part of a plant would you find cells actively going through mitosis?

Answer 15

Roots and shoots

Question 16

How does mitosis differ in plant cells compared to animal cells?

Answer 16

Plant cells have a cell plate that forms during cytokinesis

Question 17

What happens during cytokinesis, the final step after mitosis?

Answer 17

The cell splits into two separate cells

Question 18

What is meiosis?

Answer 18

A process of cell division that produces cells with half the number of chromosomes

Question 19

How many cells are produced at the end of meiosis?

Answer 19

Four

Question 20

What is the main purpose of meiosis in plants?

Answer 20

To produce seeds or spores for reproduction

Question 21

In meiosis, how does the chromosome number of the daughter cells compare to the original cell?

Answer 21

It is half

Question 22

What is “crossing over” in meiosis?

Answer 22

When chromosomes swap pieces with each other

Question 23

During which phase of meiosis do homologous chromosomes pair up?

Answer 23

Prophase I

Question 24

What happens during Metaphase I of meiosis?

Answer 24

Chromosomes line up in the center of the cell in pairs

Question 25

What is the result of Meiosis I?

Answer 25

Two cells with half the number of chromosomes

Question 26

In Meiosis II, what happens to the sister chromatids?

Answer 26

They are pulled apart into different cells

Question 27

How many times does DNA replication occur during meiosis?

Answer 27

Once

Question 28

Which of the following cells are produced by meiosis in plants?

Answer 28

Pollen and egg cells

Question 29

What is a key difference between Meiosis I and Meiosis II?

Answer 29

Chromosomes are paired in Meiosis I, but not in Meiosis II

Question 30

Why is genetic diversity important in plants?

Answer 30

It helps plants survive in different environments

Question 31

Which phase of meiosis involves the separation of homologous chromosomes?

Answer 31

Anaphase I

Question 32

What happens to the chromosome number during fertilization?

Answer 32

It is doubled (Fertilization combines two gametes, restoring the full chromosome number)

Question 33

Why is meiosis important for sexual reproduction in plants?

Answer 33

It creates genetic diversity in the offspring

Question 34

What is the purpose of Meiosis II in plants?

Answer 34

To separate sister chromatids into different cells