Mitosis Flashcards
Cell Division
Very active time.
Cell continues basic biochemical functions of life.
Cell replicates its DNA and other subcellular structures.
Interphase
Majority of growth; most in duration.
Synthesizes proteins, lipids & carbohydrates.
G1
Each chromosomes replicates to produce sister chromatids.
Contains attachment site (kinetochore); Lasts for 8-10hrs
Protein Synthesis; Mitotic Spindle, Centrioles, Centrosomes
S
After DNA replicated but before mitosis begins.
Chromosomes condense; assemble machinery for division.
G2
“Resting Stage”
Decides the cells fate
Cell maintain its characteristics, no DNA replication or divide.
G0
Cell duplicates into 2 identical daughter cells
Chromatids formed, homozygous; joines by centromere.
Mitosis
1st stage; chromosomes are condensed.
Spindle assemble, centrioles appear.
Mitotic spindle begins to form
Centrosomes move away from each other.
Prophase
Largest stage; chromosomes align.
Metaphase
Shortest stage; centromeres part
Chromatids separate; cell elongates
Anaphase
Two daughter nuclei begin to form.
Chromosomes less condensed.
Nuckear envelopes arise from the fragments of the parent cells nuclear envelope and other portions of endomembrane system.
Telophase
Integral part of the cell cycle
Genetically identical daughter cell.
Exact copy of DNA
Cell division
Cleavage of cells into two halves
Organelles and macromolecules distributed to two daughter cells.
Cytokinesis
Act like cellular fuses that burn down as pieces are lost from the ends; specific six dna-base sequence.
Signaling mitosis to stop.
50-200 endmost bases.
Telomeres
Enzyme that builds and maintains telomeres. It prevents shortening by adding extra pieces of DNA.
Telomerase
Process of programmed cell death
Apoptosis
