Mitosis Flashcards
An ordered sequence of events in the life of a cell - from cell birth to cell death
Cell cycle
A process of nuclear division in eukaryotic cells conventionally divided into five stages: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.
Mitosis
The first stage of mitosis, in which the
1-chromatin condenses into discrete chromosomes
2- the mitotic spindle begins to form
3- the nucleolus disappears but the nucleus remains intact.
Prophase
The second stage of mitosis, in which
1- the nuclear envelope fragments
2- the spindle microtubules attach to the kinetichores of the chromosomes.
Prometaphase
The third stage of mitosis, in which the
1- spindle is complete and
2- the chromosomes are all aligned at the metaphase plate.
Metaphase
The fourth stage of mitosis, in which the chromatids of each chromosome have separated and the daughter chromosomes are moving to the poles of the cell.
Anaphase
The fifth and final stage of mitosis, in which daughter nuclei are forming and cytokinesis has begun.
Telophase
The division of the cytoplasm to form two separate daughter cells immediately after mitosis, meiosis I, or meiosis II.
Cytokinesis
A cellular structure carrying genetic material, found in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells.
Chromosomes
The complex of DNA and proteins that makes up eukaryotic chromosomes.
Chromatin
A haploid reproductive cell, such as an egg or sperm. Gametes unite during sexual reproduction to produce a diploid zygote.
Gametes
Two copies of a duplicated chromosome attached to each other at the centromere. These are eventually separated during mitosis or meiosis II
Sister Chromatids
Center where 2 chromatids pinch together.
Centromere
The phase of the cell cycle that includes mitosis and cytokinesis.
Mitotic (M) phase
The period in the cell cycle when the cell is not dividing. Chromosomes and organelles are duplicated, and cell size may increase. Often accounts for about 90% of the cell cycle.
Interphase
Uncontrolled cell growth
Cancer
A cell containing two sets of chromosomes (2n), one set inherited from each parent.
Diploid cell
A cell containing only one set of chromosomes (n). (Hint- Sex cells)
Haploid cell
Growth phase, of the cell cycle, consisting of the portion of interphase before DNA synthesis begins.
G1 Phase (Gap1)
The phase of the cell cycle; the portion of interphase during which DNA is replicated.
S Phase - (Synthesis)
Growth phase, of the cell cycle, consisting of the portion of interphase after DNA synthesis occurs.
G2 Phase- (Gap2)
A new cell wall forms during cytokinesis in the middle of a plant cell
Cell plate
A nondividing state occupied by cells that have left the cell cycle, sometimes reversibly.
G0 Phase
Division of the cytoplasm
Cytokinesis
